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Abstract Knowledge Hiding (KH), a new knowledge management behavior, is one of the frontier subjects in knowledge management. Although previous research has begun to explore the influencing factors of the KH, the existing knowledge on the effects of the organizational contexts on KH remain incomplete in Chinese organizational context. Based on affective events theory perspective, this study examined how perceived competitive climate enhances KH by exploring the mediating role of the negative affect and the moderating role of the competitive trait and public selfconsciousness. The data was collected at two time points to avoid the common method bias. Results from a sample of 260 employees indicated that perceived competitive climate affected KH through negative affect. We further posited that competitive trait moderated the relationships between perceived competitive climate and negative affect. Furthermore, public selfconsciousness moderated the relationship between negative affect and KH. Finally, competitive trait and public selfconsciousness simultaneously moderated the positive indirect effect of perceived competitive climate on KH via negative affect, such that the indirect effect is strongest when both moderators are at a low level, and the lower if it the opposite.
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