面对国外技术垄断，中国企业如何提高创新水平成为亟待解决的重要问题。通过匹配全球上市公司Osiris数据库、亚洲开发银行多区域投入产出表（ADB—MRIO）数据和中国制造业上市公司专利数据，探究国外上游垄断对我国企业创新水平的影响。结果发现：国外上游垄断显著抑制制造企业创新水平提高，尤其是创新质量较高的发明专利。异质性分析结果表明，上游垄断的影响存在国别差异，不同来源地上游垄断对不同制造业行业创新具有异质性影响；相较于外资企业，国外上游垄断对国有企业和民营企业创新的抑制作用更显著。结论对于提升产业链安全性和竞争力具有重要启示。

Since the entry to the World Trade Organization, China's manufacturing has developed rapidly. However, foreign manufacturers monopolize the upstream industries of the global value chain through technological superiority, and lock the core technologies in their home countries to maintain the leading position. The core technologies of China's manufacturing are highly dependent on foreign countries, seriously restricting Chinese enterprises from achieving independent innovation and climbing to the high-end of the value chain. Therefore, the manufacturing enterprises urgently need to break the foreign technology monopoly and take the initiative in innovation. #br#By employing the Osiris database, the multi-regional input-output table (ADB-MRIO) compiled by the Asian Development Bank and patent data of Chinese listed manufacturing companies, this study explores the influence of foreign upstream monopoly on the innovation level of domestic enterprises. It is found that firstly, foreign upstream monopoly significantly inhibits the improvement of innovation level of manufacturing enterprises, especially the invention patents with higher innovation quality. This is because on the one hand, foreign upstream enterprises with core technologies monopolize the key elements for innovation required by downstream enterprises. On the other hand, downstream enterprises are dependent on imported foreign intermediates, and have a weak absorption capacity, resulting in little learning effect. Secondly, influenced by political relations, the effect of upstream monopoly has national differences. The upstream monopoly from United States, Japan and several other developed countries has a significant negative impact on the innovation level of Chinese manufacturing enterprises, while the European Union, Brazil and Russia have a positive impact but not significant. Furthermore, upstream monopoly from different countries has a heterogeneous impact on the innovation of different domestic industries. For the food and high-tech manufacturing industries, the coefficients of all countries (regions) are negative. For other manufacturing industries, the coefficient of some countries (regions) is positive but not significant. Thirdly, the heterogeneity analysis based on the nature of enterprise ownership shows that compared with foreign-owned enterprises, the inhibitory impacts are particularly higher for state-owned enterprises and private enterprises. Unlike local enterprises, foreign-owned enterprises can use the technologies transferred from parent companies to reduce innovation costs, thus mitigating the capture effect from foreign upstream enterprises.#br#It is suggested firstly to get rid of the path dependence of technology introduction, increase R&D investment in basic research, improve the intellectual property protection mechanism, and accelerate platform construction for the transformation of scientific research achievements. Secondly, it is essential to take advantage of heterogeneity to develop international economic and trade cooperation and implement differentiated industrial policies. For developed countries, we should strengthen dialogue and properly handle differences. For the vast number of developing countries, we should maximize the potential of trade cooperation and realize complementary advantages in various fields for mutual benefit and win-win results. The high-tech manufacturing industry is confronted with key technology bottleneck. It is necessary to concentrate R&D resources to realize the domestic substitution of core intermediate products. Other manufacturing industries can use the trade transfer effect to reduce the negative impact of some countries by improving the diversified supply system for intermediate products. Finally, it is important to adopt different innovation incentives for enterprises with different ownership. For foreign-owned enterprise, it is necessary to optimize the business environment; for state-owned enterprises, it is vital to further remove the institutional obstacles; for private enterprises, policies such as tax reduction and fee reduction should be adopted to stimulate the innovation potential.#br#By integrating the global value chain theory and industrial organization theory into a unified analytical framework, this study makes a deep analysis of the impact of foreign upstream monopoly on the innovation level of Chinese enterprises under the background of participating in the global value chain, expanding the research perspective in related fields. Then it uses the data of the global listed company database from 2005 to 2019 to measure the degree of foreign upstream monopoly, which ensures the timeliness and comprehensiveness of the research issues. Lastly, this paper creatively deconstructs the overall foreign upstream monopoly indicators into different countries. It can accurately identify the country differences and industry differences,and provides theoretical support for enterprises to breakthrough key technology bottleneck, and practical policy suggestions for ensuring the security of domestic supply chain and improving the efficiency of innovation chain.#br#