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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY
 
2024 Vol.41 Issue.2
Published 2024-01-25
Innovation in Science and Technology Management
Regional Scientific Development
Enterprise Innovation Management
Knowledge Science and Knowledge Engineering
Sci-tech Talent Cultivation
Key Core Technology Innovation Column
Key Core Technology Innovation Column
1 Are Factor Allocation Distortions Hindering Breakthroughs in Key Technologies of Chinese Enterprises
Xing Jialong,Wu Fuxiang
China is lagging behind the developed countries in the fields of lithography, high-end chips and other key technologies, and the developed countries keep the stranglehold of trade embargoes and protectionism. Although Chinese enterprises have been strengthening factor investment in recent years to improve their independent innovation capability, the continuous growth of factor investment has not brought breakthroughs in key technologies due to the factor allocation distortions. With the distorted factor allocation, the optimal allocation of capital and labor cannot be achieved, thus inhibiting the R&D investment, innovation output and innovation efficiency of enterprises, and even the breakthroughs in key core technologies of enterprises. It can be seen that factor allocation distortion has become an important factor affecting the breakthroughs in key technologies of enterprises. Therefore, it is important to examine the impact of factor allocation distortion on the breakthroughs of key technologies of enterprises from the perspective of factor allocation to accelerate the implementation of innovation-driven development strategy and achieve key technology breakthroughs.#br#This paper constructs a mathematical model to explain the theoretical mechanism of factor allocation distortion affecting the breakthroughs in key technologies of enterprises, and measures their breakthrough ability of key technologies from the perspective of technology catch-up. On this basis, the financial data, patent application data and patent citation data of listed companies from the China Research Data Services Platform (CNRDS) and the China Stock Market & Accounting Research Database (CSMAR) are combined by year and with the stock codes of listed companies, the paper finally obtains the panel data of 946 Chinese listed companies from 2001 to 2020. Thus the effects of factor allocation distortions on key technology breakthroughs are robustly examined by using the panel FE and IV-2SLS methods. The heterogeneity of factor allocation distortions affecting enterprise key technology breakthroughs is further examined by introducing the cross-multiplication terms between factor allocation distortions and firm location, firm size and ownership.#br#The results show that, firstly, there are allocation distortions in both capital and labor factors in China, with capital allocation distortions showing an upward trend and labor allocation distortions showing a downward trend. Secondly, in recent years, the overall ability of Chinese enterprises to break through key technologies has been on the rise, but there is a large gap in the innovation ability of most enterprises to achieve key technology breakthroughs, and only a very small number of industry-leading enterprises have the ability to achieve breakthroughs in key technologies. Thirdly, both capital and labor allocation distortions have a significant inhibitory effect on enterprise breakthroughs in key technologies. After dealing with the endogeneity problem and robustness tests, the conclusions still hold. Finally, the inhibitory effect of capital allocation distortion is stronger for the enterprises in western regions than the enterprises in the east, for small, medium, and micro enterprises than large enterprises, and for state-owned enterprises than non-state-owned enterprises in the Hu line. The inhibitory effect of labor allocation distortions is stronger for enterprises on the east side of the Hu line than on the west side, and stronger for large enterprises than for small, medium, and micro enterprises, with no significant difference between state-owned enterprises and non-state-owned enterprises.#br#From the perspective of factor allocation distortion, this paper elucidates the mechanism of factor allocation distortion affecting the breakthroughs of key technologies of enterprises from both mathematical model and mechanism analysis; meanwhile, by constructing the key technology breakthrough capability indicators, this paper measures and evaluates the current capability of Chinese enterprises. Thus, it reveals the important role of industry-leading enterprises in key technology breakthroughs and deepens the understanding of the current situation of key technology breakthroughs of Chinese enterprises. In addition, this paper empirically examines the direction and extent of the impact of capital and labor allocation distortions on enterprise breakthroughs in key technologies using the methods such as FE and IV-2SLS, and analyzes the heterogeneity of firm location, firm size, and nature of firm ownership, providing an empirical supplement to the existing theoretical studies on the breakthroughs of key technologies of enterprises.#br#
2024 Vol. 41 (2): 1-12 [Abstract] ( 159 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1392KB] ( 247 )
13 Identification and Breakthrough Path of China's Potential Independent and Controllable Key Products
Wang Wenping,Wu Laifeng
In recent years, due to inadequate independent innovation capability in core technologies in some important fields, such as integrated circuits, precision optics, medical instruments and high-precision CNC machine tools, China has been confronted with technology bottlenecks. Many Chinese enterprises have been muscled out of the global supply chain and the overseas market, and some key products have the potential risk of being maliciously sanctioned. Hence, against the backdrop of anti-globalization, it is urgent to systematically sort out China's potential independent and controllable key product system, and find a scientific breakthrough path for China's potential independent and controllable key products based on China's existing product capabilities to make breakthroughs in the national development.#br#Through a literature review, it is found that most of the existing studies have two deficiencies. Firstly, only the key complex products that have been successfully broken through are studied, while the potential independent and controllable key products that have not been listed in the US Export Control Regulations but may face the risk of being cut off from the supply chain lack attention and systematic identification. Secondly, the existing research mainly focuses on the analysis of successful cases, and most of them are ex-post explanatory studies, and thus lack the complex adaptability to the breakthroughs of independent and controllable key products with the characteristic of multi-industry and multi-technology fusion. The breakthroughs of key products not only depend on existing product capabilities, but also often rely on the priority breakthrough of their indirectly related cross-industry core products or components, and thus there should be a cross-industry independent and controllable key product breakthrough link.#br#This paper selects 243 countries' export product data from 1995 to 2021 and constructs a global product space network with products as nodes, and the size of the nodes represents the global trade volume of the products; the relationship between nodes is the proximity of the comprehensive capabilities required for exporting two products. The model is used to identify global core products and China's potential independent and controllable key products. The priority index is constructed based on product capability and network core to analyze the breakthrough path of potential independent and controllable key products.#br#Research shows that among the 1 242 global core products in 2021, there are 54 potential independent and controllable key products in China, and they are mainly distributed in 9 fields, including machinery and electrical equipment, basic metal products, optical and medical precision instruments, chemical products and plastic and rubber products. Among them, the products in urgent need of technology breakthroughs are mainly high-end core products in the field of mechanical and electrical equipment and basic metal products, as well as basic core products in the fields of plastic and rubber products and chemical products. By further analyzing the characteristics of China's potential independent and controllable key products, it is found that China's dominant comparative advantage gap with the United States, Germany and Japan is small overall in terms of low-grade core products in the fields of chemical products, plastic and rubber products, and a few low-grade core products in the fields of basic metal products, machinery and electrical equipment. This shows that China already has the corresponding capacity foundation for primary products in the four fields of machinery and electrical equipment, basic metal products, chemical products, plastic and rubber products. Therefore, after fully considering the urgency of the overall product development strategy and the internal relevance of cross industry products, it is verified that the breakthrough path of China's potential independent and controllable key products is to make full use of the existing primary product capability foundation in the fields of mechanical and electrical equipment, basic metal products, chemical products, plastic and rubber products, and give priority to the breakthrough of basic key products in the fields of optical development and metal technology; if the product capability foundation and product core degree in these fields can be significantly improved, further breakthroughs will be made in high-end key products in these field, such as machinery and electrical equipment, optical and medical precision instruments, plastic and rubber products.#br#
2024 Vol. 41 (2): 13-24 [Abstract] ( 119 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2109KB] ( 300 )
25 A Framework of Policy-technology Roadmap of Disruptive Technology: A Case of New Energy Vehicle Industry in China
Hu Wen,Xia Beili
In the process of low-carbon transitions, disruptive technologies can help the technology paradigm get rid of the "carbon lock-in" situation, promote the market structure to subvert the "carbon dependence" pattern, and accelerate the transition of the energy power system towards a greener direction. In the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, the research on the response strategy of disruptive technology has gradually made breakthroughs from the enterprise level to the system level. On the one hand, it requires to reshape the relationship between the time dimension and public policy to deal with the high time sensitivity of disruptive technologies; on the other hand, response strategies are expected to develop at a higher level to deal with the social impact of disruptive technologies.#br#In order to provide a better explanation of the dynamic relationship between the development of emerging industries based on disruptive technologies and relevant policy impact, this paper constructs a policy-technology roadmap framework for the development of disruptive technologies and their emerging industries. By introducing the sustainable transition theory of socio-technical system, the framework of integrated policy-technology roadmap (P-TRM) proposed by Huang Cui is improved in two aspects. Firstly, the traditional technology roadmap consists of three levels (market-product-technology), and then the user demand layer and the participant layer are added to realize the embedding of social dimensions and multi-subject analysis. Secondly, the typology of policy instruments is adjusted into three types (shielding, nurturing, and empowerment) to realize the dynamic analysis and transition research in the process of disruptive innovation. Meanwhile, according to the conclusion of theoretical research, a preliminary analysis is made on impact dimensions of policy instruments and multi-level interaction mechanism in the early stage, growth stage and transition stage. #br#Within the analytical framework,empirical research is carried out by taking China's new energy vehicle industry as an example. To ensure the validity of the empirical research, this paper adopts the research method combining case studies and meta-analysis. It firstly employs case studies by collecting diverse sources of data and multi-heterogeneous data to descriptively analyze the development process of the industry, in preparation for the drawing of the technology roadmap. Then it makes the meta-analysis to summarize impact dimensions of China's new energy vehicle policy by extracting the research conclusions of 43 literatures on policy effects, and provides political implications. According to the research conclusions of case studies and meta-analysis, a policy-technology roadmap of China's new energy vehicle industry is drawn, and the usage frequency and impact dimensions of three types of policies,including shielding, nurturing, and empowerment at each stage are analyzed. The conclusions of the empirical research validate the explanatory potential of the disruptive technology policy-technology roadmap proposed in this paper. Further, according to the conclusions of the empirical research, impact dimensions of policy instruments are revised. Firstly, shielding instruments have a positive effect on the formation of emerging markets in the early stage. Secondly, empowerment instruments have a certain impact on the product level in the transition stage.#br#In summary, the results show that the policy-technology roadmap framework explains the interactive evolution law of policy instruments, disruptive technologies and emerging industries in different stages from the perspective of socio-technical system transition. In the early stage, shielding instruments are employed to support the formation of knowledge space. In the growth stage, nurturing instruments are employed to establish good niche functions. In the transition stage, empowerment instruments are employed to promote the smooth transformation from old paradigms to new paradigms through fit-and-conform and stretch-and-transform paths. The results provide some management enlightenments for solving the problem of agile response of disruptive technology policies in low-carbon transitions. (1) Early intervention should mainly focus on shielding instruments, with the aim to provide space for niche diversification and promote the formation of emerging markets. (2) The timing of intervention will affect the policy effect significantly. (3) In the growth and transition stages, it is critical to pay attention to the interaction between nurturing and empowerment instruments. The effects of policy instruments on multiple participants and their spillover effects on other instruments should be considered comprehensively, and dynamic adjustments should be made according to the policy feedback loops.#br#
2024 Vol. 41 (2): 25-34 [Abstract] ( 134 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3487KB] ( 269 )
Innovation in Science and Technology Management
35 The Behavior of Patent Assignors and Assignees Based on the Network Effect and the Actor Effect
Liu Xiaoyan,Sun Lina,Shan Xiaohong,Yang Juan
As the conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements is less than 30%, technology transaction is regarded as the link between invention and application. It is not only the main channel of technological innovation diffusion, but also an effective way to make the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into practice. This paper focuses on the behavior of patent assignors and assignees, and it aims to analyze the characteristics of transactions, identify the main factors affecting patent transaction, and provide a scientific basis for the government to formulate policies as well as promote technology transactions.#br#At present, the study of patent technology transaction and its behavior has become the focus of attention, but the research is fragmented between the network structure and the attributes of the actors themselves: research on technology transaction networks mainly focuses on the analysis of the factors and evolution characteristics which affect the field of technology transactions at the overall network level. It ignores the influence of the attributes of the network nodes on the evolution of the network. In addition studies on the behavior of patent assignors and assignees are mostly based on case analysis which is greatly influenced by objective factors.#br#The integrated circuit industry is a core and representative industry for the intelligent transformation of manufacturing and is most affected by the U.S. constraints in China in the post-epidemic period. To settle this conflict, this paper begins with the theoretical foundation and divides the factors affecting technology transaction behavior into two dimensions:the network effect and the actor effect. Therefore it proposes the research hypotheses in terms of three dimensions: structural characteristics of the network, actors' own attributes and inter-actor convergence. Then, the paper describes the data sources and processing methods, the research method stochastic actor-oriented model (Siena) and the variable measures. Subsequently, using the patent transfer data of the IC industry from 2002 to 2019, the study analyzes the overall trends and characteristics of patent technology transactions in this industry statistically and divides the industry stages. On this basis, it builds the patent technology transaction network of this industry to measure the characteristics of patent technology transactions in this industry from two aspects: quantity change and network evolution. Meanwhile, combined with research hypotheses, an empirical study of patent technology trading behavior based on the Siena model is conducted to analyze the characteristics of technology transaction behavior.#br#The main findings are as follows. First, in terms of the technological transaction network evolution, the patent technology transaction is mainly in a one-way mode. With the integrated circuit industry entering to the stage of growth, the number of technology transaction entities within the industry increases and the network scale increases. The efficiency of information transmission in the network has been improved, however it is still at a low level; the lock-in effect formed at the initial stage of the network is obviously relieved; the organization in the network is characterized by community, and the scale of community is expanding while the degree is increasing. Second, in terms of the stability of patent technology transaction network, the patent technology transaction network of integrated circuit industry is unstable and has a large variation. Third, in terms of network effect, assignors are more inclined to trade with partners of technology trading partners; as the assignees, firms will attract more new technology trading partners; there is no obvious reciprocal transaction between firms. Fourth, in terms of actor effect, as the industry enters the growth stage, mature firms are more likely to be patent assignors, and start-up firms are more likely to be patent assignees, and firms in the high structural hole position are more likely to be patent assignors; the smaller gap in technological innovation capabilities, the more likely technology transactions will occur between firms; firms tend to choose partners in the same country or in the same enterprise group for patent transaction. The research results have enriched the theoretical system and application scope of social network analysis in the field of patent technology trading, and enables scholars to analyze the factors influencing the transformation of scientific and technological achievements further. Meanwhile, it provides novel insights for the government to formulate industrial policies.#br#
2024 Vol. 41 (2): 35-45 [Abstract] ( 78 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1571KB] ( 166 )
46 Organized Scientific Research Paradigm in Colleges and Universities Based on the Four Orientations:A Single Case Study
Wu Zhenggang,Liu Yuqi
As the intersectionality and complexity of disciplines in scientific research have become increasingly prominent, the driving factor of scientific research has changed from interest to demand, the focus of scientific research has changed from theory to application, and the mode of scientific research has changed from discrete to organized. The traditional scientific research paradigm of colleges and universities has been insufficient in responding to major national needs. Therefore, organized scientific research has become an important form for colleges and universities to formally and systematically serve the national strategic needs, and it is an objective requirement to improve the efficiency of national scientific and technological innovation in the era of big science to cope with the new situation of national competition. Thus, in order to make up for the shortcomings of the traditional scientific research paradigm in universities, this study constructs an organized scientific research paradigm for colleges and universities based on the four orientations, and discusses the implementation path and effectiveness of organized scientific research at Chongqing University.#br#At present, the research on organized scientific research mainly focuses on the theoretical meaning, relationship combing, governance policy, etc., and little has been done on the construction of organized scientific research paradigm. This study adopts the literature research method to clarify the connotation of "four orientations" and organized scientific research, and sorts out the four characteristics of organized scientific research: integration, orientation, intersectionality, and hierarchy. From the perspectives of "four orientations" and organized scientific research, and the relationship between organized scientific research and free exploration, the study analyzes the relationship between "four orientations" and organized scientific research, and the relationship among "four orientations", organized scientific research and free exploration. Then it summarizes the problems in the traditional scientific research paradigm of universities, including the weak capacity of original innovation, the low rate of transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and the weak capacity of collaborative innovation, and explores the causes of the problems: insufficient tolerance for mistakes in the academic environment, inadequate connection between internal and external linkage mechanisms and demand, and the ineffective mechanism of cooperation between industry, academia and research. The corresponding four major principles are proposed for the construction of an organized scientific research paradigm in universities: strategic leadership, organizational innovation, in-depth integration, and chain-wide coherence, and an organized scientific research paradigm based on the "four orientations" is constructed to realize the reformation of "strategy-process-organization-system". In addition, this study adopts the case study method to explore the implementation path and effectiveness of Chongqing University's organized scientific research. Chongqing University has been active in promoting organized scientific research based on the "four orientations", and has constructed a "1+5" scientific research management system, i.e., a management system consisting of one management organization and five scientific research entities, forming a whole chain from basic research to industrial cultivation. The implementation of organized scientific research in Chongqing University has verified the scientificity and applicability of the theory, and provides reference for universities to build a characteristic organized scientific research paradigm.#br#In the implementation of organized scientific research in universities, it is essential to optimize the top-level design and promote the iterative upgrading of the implementation path and the scientific research organizational paradigms. First, the implementation of organized scientific research should follow the "four orientations", optimize the top-level design, classify and apply measures to realize the complete system reformation of "strategy-process-organization-system" and systematically promote organized scientific research in universities. Second, free exploration with organized scientific research should be encouraged so that universities can take their own disciplinary advantages and characteristics as the entry point, and build scientific research systems from basic research to applied research. Third, in the construction of the scientific research paradigm, a new organizational model of horizontal and vertical integration should be constructed to realize the integration of the whole chain from cultivation, incubation to industrialization and build a complete scientific research system from basic research to the commercialization of scientific research results.#br#
2024 Vol. 41 (2): 46-56 [Abstract] ( 103 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1419KB] ( 170 )
57 The Spatial Effect of Innovation Factors and Economic Resilience
Zhu Lin,Dong Fan
It is vital to improve economic resilience and build resilient cities for China's high-quality economic development. Previous studies on the measurement and influencing factors of China's economic resilience have generally shown that innovation capability is an important influence on regional economic resilience. However, the proxy variable selection of innovation capability in previous studies was generally limited to the number of patents or R&D investment of enterprises), and the interference of industrial structure heterogeneity on the result of resilience is often ignored in the measurement of economic resilience. Therefore, this paper selects four key indicators as the proxy variables of innovation elements from the macro and micro levels, and further analyzes the impact of innovation drivers on economic resilience; meanwhile,in order to eliminate the interference of industrial structure heterogeneity on the measurement results of economic resilience, this paper creatively uses the shift share method to extract industrial resilience from economic resilience, and compares the impact of innovation factors on different industrial resilience.#br#This study selects the period from the impact of Sino US trade friction in 2018 to the duration of the COVID-19 epidemic in 2021 as the sample interval for measuring China's economic resilience. It chooses a single dimensional variable elasticity evaluation model to measure the resilience of China's regional economy within the sample interval. However, the impact of different industries on economic resilience is ignored in the traditional economic resilience measurement model. When the impact of exogenous risks on different industries is heterogeneous, the weight of regional industrial structure will interfere with the measurement of regional economic resilience. Therefore, this paper uses the shift share decomposition method to divide the resilience characteristics into regional economic resilience and industrial resilience. In terms of the selection of innovation factor indicators, innovation drive is shown as the improvement of total factor productivity at the macro level and the growth of social innovation factors at the micro level. At the macro level, TFP is decomposed into the efficiency change index and technology change index, and they serve as the core explanatory variables of spatial effect research. At the micro level, the aggregation index of innovation input factors and the aggregation index of innovation output factors are selected as the micro proxy variables of innovation drive, and they are jointly incorporated into the spatial effect research model to study the spatial correlation between them and regional economic resilience.#br#Because regional economic resilience and innovation elements can flow freely at the spatial level, a spatial econometric model should be established to conduct empirical analysis and test on spatial relevance. First, the difference in per capita GDP between regions is used as an indicator to predict the economic distance between regions to build a spatial economic weight matrix, and on this basis, a spatial autocorrelation test model is determined. The test shows that if the variables have spatial autocorrelation, the linear regression model in classical econometrics will lead to errors in the test results, so a spatial econometric test model needs to be built.By the spatial Dubin model and geographic detector model, the empirical tests confirm that (1) China's regional economic resilience has a spatial correlation, and the closer the economic level is, the closer its economic resilience will be; (2) on the whole, innovative development can significantly enhance China's economic resilience, and this impact has a significant spatial spillover effect; (3) in terms of the sub-industries, the direct effect of scientific and technological innovation on the resilience enhancement of the secondary industry is significantly higher than that of other industries, and the spatial spillover effect on the resilience of the tertiary industry is most significant. However, the resilience growth of the primary industry mainly depends on the efficiency improvement brought about by large-scale development rather than technological progress.#br#On the basis of the above research conclusions, this paper reveals the important role of scientific technological development in the construction of resilient cities, and puts forward the innovative development policy driven by "scientific and technological innovation" and "institutional innovation", and suggests that regional economic resilience should be enhanced according to the regional factor endowment and industrial structure characteristics.#br#
2024 Vol. 41 (2): 57-67 [Abstract] ( 137 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1334KB] ( 256 )
Regional Scientific Development
68 The Empowerment Path of Regional Traditional Industrial Enterprise Innovation by Digital Intelligence Based on the TOEP Theoretical Framework
Chen Xusheng,Wang Pengfei,Zhang Xudong
As a fundamental industry of the national economy, traditional manufacturing can drive the development of upstream and downstream enterprises through the industrial chain, reduce import dependence through export-oriented products, improve resource allocation efficiency through technological accumulation and scale operation, and mitigate the impact of external environmental changes to some extent. However, traditional industrial enterprises are generally faced with the dilemma of product homogeneity and rising costs. The rapid development of digital intelligence technology brings new transformations to enterprise operations, driving traditional industrial enterprises towards knowledge-intensive and technology-intensive transformation. Big data analysis enables enterprises to accurately understand customer needs, while artificial intelligence provides efficient and precise autonomous solutions, accelerating the innovation process of traditional industrial enterprises. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the empowerment of digital intelligence on the innovation of traditional industrial enterprises.#br#Most existing research on innovation in traditional industrial enterprises focuses on how to improve production efficiency, and there is little exploration of the driving rules of innovation from the perspective of digital intelligence technology. At the same time, existing studies often analyze data intelligence technology and services as independent factors when examining the intelligent process, with less consideration of their synergy, which makes it difficult to clarify the overall impact of data intelligence on innovation. In addition, current strategies for data intelligence empowerment often emphasize industry characteristics, while differences in regional resource endowments result in resource mismatches.#br#In this study, the "technology-organization-environment-process" (TOEP) framework is constructed to identify the influencing factors driving innovation activities, and it is used to analyze the innovation paths of traditional industrial enterprises empowered by fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). It is found that the digital intelligence empowerment process does not have a single necessary condition or key dimension, and the promotion of enterprise innovation performance improvement needs to be achieved through configuration paths. The "technology-organization" dimension focuses on technological research and development promotion, while the "environment-process" dimension is driven by demand and forms a complementary empowerment pattern. By comparing the resource advantages of 12 typical regional samples from the configuration paths, the inherent rules of innovation performance differences in the configuration paths are analyzed. There are multiple sets of alternative relationships between the antecedent conditions of the paths, and there is a convergence trend for different paths , while regions that have strong innovation capabilities and high performance mostly adopt the whole-factor path, while other regions can choose paths that match their own resource conditions, and gradually improve the synergy between factors to achieve overall optimization of digital intelligence empowerment effects.#br#This research has three contributions. Firstly, it proposes intelligence empowerment paths for traditional industrial enterprises and reveals the differences in influencing factors in the empowerment processes of different regions. Secondly, the complementarity between digital intelligence empowerment dimensions is clarified, and the empowerment process can be achieved through different approaches. The regional resource advantages are the basis for deciding the empowerment paths, and the introduction of other antecedent factors can enhance the synergy of resources in the empowerment paths based on the asymmetry of dimension combinations. Finally, it is found that the dimension of the "process" plays a significant role in the paths, and the application of digital intelligence expands the regional market demand, overcoming the entry barriers of the digital transformation in traditional industries.#br#The reference for regional empowerment policy formulation is presented. Firstly, empowerment policies should be selected according to regional resources so as to realize market potential and industrial restructure by gradually increasing inputs. Secondly, the governments in the central and western regions should choose complementary development paths with their counterparts in the eastern regions, combining regional human resources and industrial advantages to promote the digital transformation of traditional industrial enterprises through preferential policies and different regional empowerment advantages. Thirdly, the new business models are expected to promote the application of digital intelligence technology, combining mass production capabilities with customized design to break away from the "low-end lock-in" dilemmas and promote technological breakthroughs and business model innovation.#br#
2024 Vol. 41 (2): 68-78 [Abstract] ( 106 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1450KB] ( 308 )
79 Digital Technology Concentration and Enterprise Innovation:The Inverted U-shaped Relationship and the Transformation
Ling Shixian,Ling Hongcheng,Ji Mengjia
The digital transformation of enterprises has given great new momentum to enterprise innovation. Digital transformation includes two aspects: the R&D of underlying digital technology and its application which includes various technologies such as artificial intelligence, cloud computing and big data, and they require huge human and capital investment. Faced with rich digital technologies, how should enterprises choose and promote enterprise innovation with digital transformation? This requires a study of the concentration of digital technology. The paper attempts to study the impact of digital technology concentration on enterprise innovation to provide theoretical and empirical support for promoting the digital transformation of enterprises and promoting enterprise innovation.It is expected to provide empirical evidence for a deeper understanding of the non-linear impact of digital technology concentration on enterprise innovation and for making full use of the moderating mechanism to promote enterprise innovation. #br#The paper selects A-share companies from 2007 to 2020 as the research sample. After processing, 35 669 observations from 3 846 listed companies are obtained. Firstly, the annual reports of listed companies are obtained by Python and the text contents are extracted through Java PDFbox library, and the digital technology concentration is measured with Herfindahl-Hirschman index. Secondly,a multiple regression model is constructed to verify the nonlinear relationship between digital technology concentration and enterprise innovation. Thirdly,a mediating effect model is constructed to test the mechanisms of digital technology concentration on enterprise innovation. #br#The results show that there is a significant inverted U-shaped relationship between digital technology concentration and enterprise innovation. That is, as digital technology concentration increases, enterprise innovation output increases continuously, but it presents a phenomenon of marginal decreasing of enterprise innovation output, and when digital technology concentration is too high, enterprises face major breakthrough innovation barriers which will inhibit technological innovation. The mechanism analysis shows that human resource integration ability and R&D investment intensity play the moderating roles. As the moderating variable increases, it can make the inflection point of the inverted U-shaped curve shift to the left, and gradually flatten the inverted U-shaped curve, and when the moderating variable breaks the threshold of the inflection point, it will make the inverted U-shaped curve transform into a U-shaped curve, and thus with the increase of the moderating variables,it can further promote enterprise innovation.#br#The contributions of this study are as follows. First, this study is the first to adopt the digital technology concentration to measure the digital transformation of enterprises. The previous literature has mainly used the frequency or ratio of digital technology words, or the proportion of intangible digital assets as a proxy variable of digital transformation. Given the variety of digital technologies and the constraints of capital and talent, enterprises are often in a digital transformation dilemma. This study takes digital technology concentration as the variable for digital transformation of enterprises,and overcomes the shortage of existing variables. Second, this paper provides a new perspective on the in-depth understanding of the relationship between enterprise digital transformation and enterprise innovation, and provides reference for the selection of digital technology quantity for enterprise. In digital transformation, enterprises should focus on a few areas of digital technologies. Most of the literature has confirmed that digital transformation as a whole can significantly promote enterprise innovation, but this study finds that a focus on technology areas can help promote enterprise innovation in the early stage of digital transformation, but as the research progresses, the difficulty of innovation will gradually increase, and the marginal innovation output will distinguish and eventually inhibit enterprise innovation. Third, the empirical evidence of a strong moderating effect is provided for promoting enterprise innovation with digital technology. The two most important moderating variables, namely human resource integration capability and R&D investment intensity are analyzed respectively. The moderating effects of human capital integration ability and R&D investment intensity can change the inverted U-shaped curve to a U-shaped curve. These two moderating variables play significant moderating roles between digital technology concentration and enterprise innovation, and can further promote the role of digital technology in enterprise innovation.#br#
2024 Vol. 41 (2): 79-89 [Abstract] ( 142 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1287KB] ( 284 )
Enterprise Innovation Management
90 Measuring Corporate Innovation Based on LDA Topic Model
Ye Qin,Cai Jianfeng,Zhang Qiuyun
The Chinese government firmly adheres to the path of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics and implement an innovation-driven development strategy. As the main body of innovation, enterprises play a pivotal role in promoting national innovation and transformation, therefore the research on corporate innovation has received extensive attention from the academic community. Scholars have carried out a variety of theoretical and empirical studies around corporate innovation and have obtained some remarkable achievements. However, the important issue of how to accurately measure corporate innovation waits to be addressed. This problem is challenging for both the academic circles and the industrial field especially under the background of the national innovation-driven development strategy in China. The current mainstream proxy indicators of corporate innovation, such as numbers of patents and research and development (R&D) expenditures, have recently been criticized since they can only reflect some aspects of corporate innovation, while ignoring other vital parts of corporate innovation activities. Wherefore this paper tries to develop a new method to comprehensively and accurately measure corporate innovation based on text analysis using the natural language processing technique and machine learning algorithms. #br#This research introduces the unsupervised learning method in the field of machine learning and develops a new method of measuring corporate innovation by constructing the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic model based on the text of analyst reports of listed companies. The textual content of analyst reports covers both the objective description and professional evaluation on various aspects of corporate innovation, such as product innovation, process innovation, market innovation, supply source innovation and so on. Besides, it has similar characteristics in terms of text structure and wording, which lays a good foundation for the use of LDA topic modeling method. To start with, Python3.8 is applied to write a program to automatically download all the analyst reports issued for China′s A-share listed companies from 2010 to 2019 from Hexun Finance Website, Sina Finance Website and Wind Financial Terminal. A total of 201 569 analyst reports are obtained. After a series of data cleaning, The study gets 47 563 samples which are used as a corpus to train the LDA topic model, identify the corporate innovation topic, calculate the load intensity of each analyst report on the corporate innovation topic, and extract the corporate innovation topic load intensity as text-based corporate innovation, since the load intensity reflects the extent to which the analyst report describes the corporate with innovation topic reflecting the corporate′s innovation practice. The text-based corporate innovation by the new method is compared with commonly used proxy indicators of corporate innovation. #br#This study finds that the text-based corporate innovation measurement method is applicable to companies with and without patents as well as R&D expenditures. For firms with patents, text-based corporate innovation is significantly related to patent applications. While for firms without patents, the new measurement method can effectively identify the innovative practices including but not limited to using new technologies and entering new markets. The same goes for firms with and without R&D expenditures. For firms with R&D expenditures, text-based corporate innovation is significantly related to R&D expenditures, while for firms without R&D expenditures, text-based corporate innovation can efficiently capture corporate innovation activities. The time series analysis shows that the text-based corporate innovation effectively reflects the macro trend of corporate innovation during the sample period. #br#This research is of theoretical and practical significance for it not only systematically clarifies the traditional incomplete and inaccurate proxy indicators of corporate innovation, but also figures out a new method of measuring corporate innovation based on the text analysis of analyst reports. It further broadens the application of text big data in the field of management and organization studies, and contributes to the application of textual data in the field of management and organization research.#br#
2024 Vol. 41 (2): 90-98 [Abstract] ( 119 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1498KB] ( 293 )
99 Intellectual Property Rights, Entrepreneurial Orientation and Innovation Ambidexterity
Wang Yu,Hu Haiqing
China is endeavoring to promote the strategy of innovation-driven development, and the innovation-oriented economy focuses on the protection of intellectual property rights. For the new ventures, new forces emerging from the innovation economy have become the market subject of knowledge assets to create value, so the key for them to break through the innovator's dilemma is to achieve the dynamic balance of ambidexterity innovation,i.e. to seek the dynamic balance between exploratory innovation and exploitative innovation. Therefore, starting from the realistic point of view, innovation strategies of new ventures should not only give full play to the leading role of intellectual property rights, but also overcome short-term technological difficulties. However, it should be emphasized that from the perspective of binary philosophy,intellectual property protection provides opportunities for enterprise innovation, but it also sets boundaries, and thus there is practical significance to explore the differential influence of positive and negative effects of intellectual property protection on ambidexterity innovation. Moreover, entrepreneurial orientation, as a kind of entrepreneurial cognitive and also a strategic orientation based on specific organizational status, reflects the subjective perception and behavioral tendency of the institution, and hence it plays a key role in the effectiveness of entrepreneurial innovation strategies. Therefore this study takes entrepreneurial new enterprises as the research object, and through the analysis of the key elements, it innovatively takes the positive and negative effects of intellectual property protection as the starting point to clarify the theoretical logic of direct impact of intellectual property protection on ambidexterity innovation of entrepreneurial enterprises at first. Besides, since the effect of intellectual property protection also depends on the difference of key elements in the transmission process, this study makes a deep analysis of the dualism of entrepreneurial orientation based on innovation models, reveals the mediating effect mechanism of different types of entrepreneurial orientation, and further constructs differentiated innovation strategies.#br#In order to clarify the theoretical inferences, 465 Chinese GEM listed companies from 2015 to 2019 are selected as samples, and the following conclusions are made through empirical tests: (1) intellectual property protection has different effects on ambidexterity innovation of entrepreneurial enterprises, showing an positive effect on exploratory innovation, but negative effect on exploitative innovation; (2) entrepreneurial orientation can be divided into research and development (R&D) orientation and the investment and introduction (I&I) orientation based on the innovation models, and intellectual property protection, regarding as a prerequisite factor affecting entrepreneurial orientation, promotes the R&D orientation but inhibits the I&I orientation; (3) entrepreneurial orientation has differential mediation effects, to be specific, intellectual property protection has positive effect on exploratory innovation by stimulating the R&D orientation, and shows negative effect on exploitative innovation by inhibiting I&I orientation. On this basis, two innovation paths are constructed to provide a dialectical perspective for the innovation and development of entrepreneurial enterprises, namely " the positive effect of intellectual property protection —R&D orientation —exploratory innovation" and " the negative effect of intellectual property protection — I&I orientation — exploitative innovation" separately. #br#In terms of implications, the research findings suggest that firstly, the small-sized entrepreneurial enterprises should balance exploratory innovation and exploitative innovation according to their own situations, so as to effectively improve their innovation efficiency and effect. Secondly, enterprise managers should carefully consider "how the intellectual property rights in any way affect innovation strategies", and take it as the target to enhance the entrepreneurial orientation to match perception. Thirdly, the protection of intellectual property rights is characterized by long-term nature and fairness, so the government should actively improve the innovation incentive policy and optimize the innovation ecological environment, and the entrepreneurial enterprises should strengthen the consciousness of innovation, shape the atmosphere of innovation, and build an innovative long-term mechanism with the goal of sustainable innovation and development, and high-quality innovation and development as the guidance to seize the market discourse. Overall, this study provides theoretical reference for the completeness of organizational strategic management theory, and it is also helpful for new ventures to choose appropriate innovation development strategies in the actual situation, thus boosting the high-quality development of Chinese economy.#br#
2024 Vol. 41 (2): 99-107 [Abstract] ( 100 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1274KB] ( 170 )
Knowledge Science and Knowledge Engineering
108 Does Technological Diversification Enhance Firm Performance?
Huang Can,Xu Ge
In the fast-changing and highly complex technological environment, firms need to build up technological capabilities in multiple fields to sustain competitive success. Technological diversification, i.e. a corporation's expansion of its technological competence into multiple fields, has become an important engine for firms to carry out technological innovation, expand new business and improve economic performance. However, there is no consistent conclusion on whether technological diversification could enhance firm performance. Some studies suggest that technological diversification brings the benefits of “cross-fertilization” and economies of scope. While others argue that technological diversification would bring extra integration and coordination cost, and firms must overcome the obstacle of recombining technology in multiple fields. Efficient cross-domain technology recombination is the key for firms to benefit from technological diversification. Existing studies have obtained different empirical findings on the relationship between technological diversification and firm performance, but few of them investigate how the different organizational contexts influence this relationship. Although the importance of accumulating resources is addressed when employing technological diversification strategy, there is a lack of discussion on the differences in technological search and recombination across firms, and it is unclear how to get better firm performance from technological diversification by improving the technological recombination process. Therefore, from the technological search and recombination perspective, this study aims to identify how firms might benefit from technological diversification by technological recombination. The study proposes that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between technological diversification and firm performance, and it further investigates the moderating effects of technological recombination patterns and scientific knowledge search on this relationship. #br#This study conducts the empirical analysis using a sample of Chinese listed firms from high-tech industries.The performance information of those firms from CSMAR database is collected and their patent data is extracted from Incopat patent database to construct the measurements. Finally, a panel dataset of 1 559 firms from 2007 to 2020 is constructed. The study tests the hypotheses using the method of panel data fixed effect model. #br#The empirical results show that (1)there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between technological diversification and market-based firm performance; (2) technological recombinant creation flattens the inverted U-shaped relationship between technological diversification and firm performance, and on the contrary, the inverted U-shaped curve is steepened with the occurrence of technology recombinant reuse , which means the negative effect of excessive technological diversification becomes more salient; (3) the moderating effect of scientific knowledge search intensity on the relationship between technological diversification and enterprise performance is not significant. However, scientific knowledge search intensity makes the moderating effect of technological recombinant creation more salient. For firms with high scientific knowledge search intensity and high level of technological recombinant creation, technological diversification becomes positively related to firm performance, turning the "excessive technological diversification trap" into a "technological diversification advantage". The above results indicate that firms can benefit from technological diversification not only by accumulating resources, but also by improving the technological recombination process.#br#These findings enrich the literature on the relationship between technological diversification and firm performance. By investigating the moderating effects of technological recombination patterns and scientific knowledge search, this study introduces new organizational contextual factors on the relationship between technological diversification and firm performance. Technological diversification brings better firm performance when firms focus on technological recombinant creation and actively search for scientific knowledge. The fit between the level of technological diversification and technological recombination process is the key for firms to getting better performance.#br#This study also yields several managerial implications. Technological diversification generates both benefits and costs for firms. As the degree of technology diversification increases, firms should shift from technological recombinant reuse to technological recombinant creation, and enhance learning and application of scientific knowledge to obtain good performance from the technological diversification strategy.#br#
2024 Vol. 41 (2): 108-118 [Abstract] ( 97 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1546KB] ( 290 )
119 Simulation Research of Tacit Knowledge Transfer Based on Chua's Chaos
Su Yi,Liu Tonghe,Zhang Aoran
In the era of knowledge economy, the efficient transfer of knowledge has become the key to the success of enterprises, and plays an increasingly important role in the innovation and development of enterprises. The process of knowledge transfer has become a hot issue in management research. However, scholars tend to focus on the process of explicit knowledge transfer and there is less research on the process of tacit knowledge transfer. Because the transfer process of tacit knowledge is significantly different from that of explicit knowledge which is a two-way transfer process of mutual communication, mutual inspiration and mutual promotion between the two subjects combined with expression and feedback. Addressing the issues, the research aims to study the tacit knowledge transfer by constructing Chua's chaotic tacit knowledge transfer model. The study introduces a nonlinear science paradigm for the study of tacit knowledge transfer, and provides a new research idea and method for scholars.#br#First of all,on the basis of the Chua's chaotic model in chaos theory and the existing literature review of tacit knowledge transfer, the Chua's chaotic tacit knowledge transfer model is constructed considering the characteristics of two-way nonlinear tacit knowledge transfer. Then the model is deduced and decomposed, and the simulation analysis is carried out by using Multisim14.0 to study the transfer rule of tacit knowledge between subjects. The research shows that firstly the transfer of tacit knowledge between two subjects is greatly affected by resistance, and the change of small resistance may bring about great changes in the type of tacit knowledge transfer, which is also one of the characteristics of Chaos, that the whole system is extremely sensitive to the initial value. Secondly according to the visual simulation by Multism14.0 , it is observed that with the changes of the transfer willingness of the sender, the transfer ability of the sender, the absorption motivation of the receiver, the strength of cooperation and trust and the degree of interaction and communication (namely, the change of the transfer resistance TKTR), there are five transfer types of tacit knowledge. The full resistance type of tacit knowledge transfer is that tacit knowledge cannot be transferred and shows stagnation. The high resistance type of tacit knowledge transfer is the Rossler attractor form with poor tacit knowledge transfer effect. The resistance type of tacit knowledge transfer is a double attractor form with high tacit knowledge transfer effect. The low resistance type of tacit knowledge transfer which is very smooth presents a nonlinear complexity form. The zero-resistance type of tacit knowledge transfer is a linear form which means the tacit knowledge transfer between the two subjects is super smooth. Both sides of the knowledge subject can adjust the resistance of tacit knowledge transfer from internal and external incentives, create a learning organizational culture atmosphere, and build a face-to-face communication platform, so as to improve the effect of tacit knowledge transfer. Lastly, the research introduces a real case in the automobile industry to prove the effectiveness of the Chua's chaotic tacit knowledge transfer model.#br#Through the introduction of the research paradigm of chaotic dynamics, Chua's chaotic tacit knowledge transfer model is constructed and added to the existing literature on traditional linear knowledge transfer model which does not apply to the tacit knowledge, and the study expresses the shortage of the two-way interaction between feedback and transfer, providing a new research method and means. Furthermore the study conducts the simulation analysis through Multisim14.0 software to explore the influence of the change of tacit knowledge transfer resistance on the effect of tacit knowledge transfer with changes of the transfer willingness of the sender, the transfer ability of the sender, the absorption motivation of the receiver, the strength of cooperation and trust and the degree of interaction between the two knowledge subjects, and provides a quantitative research method for the study on tacit knowledge transfer. Future research will be focused on the empirical case study.#br#
2024 Vol. 41 (2): 119-129 [Abstract] ( 94 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2359KB] ( 218 )
Sci-tech Talent Cultivation
130 How High Performance Work System Affects Employee Innovative Behavior:The Impact of Organizational Identification and Servant Leadership
Xiong Huibing,Tao Yujing
In the current competitive environment, organizational innovation is playing an increasingly important role as a new engine of enterprise development, and the innovative behavior of employees is the key to the sustainable competitive advantage of a company. Therefore, employee innovative behavior as a performance variable has attracted more and more attention from academic and practical domains, and it has been the fundamental guarantee for organizational innovation. There is great strategic significance for enterprise development to actively promote employee innovation behavior. As an important management practice, human resource management has a great effect on employees′ attitude and behavior, and plays an important role to promote employee innovation behavior. In recent years, scholars have begun to explore the mechanism of the impact of high performance work system (HPWS) on employee innovative behavior, but the relationship between the two needs in-depth research. Therefore, in the Chinese context, this paper studies the impact of HPWS on employee innovative behavior, and explores the effects of organizational identification and servant leadership in this process.#br#Following the social exchange theory and social identity theory, this paper proposes the research hypotheses and constructs a conceptual model, and analyzes the mediating effects of organizational identification and the moderating effect of servant leadership between HPWS and employee innovative behavior. A total of 383 valid questionnaires have been collected by issuing questionnaires to employees in Wuhan, Chengdu, Zhengzhou and Xinxiang. This study uses SPSS22.0 and Amos24.0 statistical software to perform the reliability and validity tests, descriptive statistics and correlation analysis on sample data, and conducts the hypothesis testing through the hierarchical regression method to explore the effecting mechanism of HPWS on employee innovation behavior.#br#The main research conclusions of this paper are as follows. Firstly, HPWS promotes employee innovative behavior; organizational identification plays a partial mediating role between HPWS and employee innovative behavior. Some scholars argue that HPWS has negative effect on attitude and behavior of employees due to various external motivating factors and the inconsistent interests and goals between organization and employees. The mediating effect suggests that HPWS can stimulate an internal motivating factor, namely organizational identification, through which further promotes employee innovative behavior. This finding enriches the research on the impact of HPWS and employee innovative behavior, and provides a theoretical basis for organizations to effectively implement HPWS and reduce possible negative effects. Secondly, servant leadership positively moderates the relationship between HPWS and employee innovative behavior, suggesting that the higher the level of servant leadership in the organization, the stronger the positive impact of HPWS on organizational identification. Servant leadership also positively moderates the relationship between HPWS and organizational identification. The result shows that servant leadership is an important contextual variable that acts as a positive moderating role in the relationship between HPWS and employee innovative behavior and organizational identification, which further enriches the boundary conditions for HPWS to function. Thirdly, servant leadership positively moderates the mediating effect of organizational identification between HPWS and employee innovative behavior, suggesting that the higher the level of service-oriented leadership, the stronger the mediating effect. If employees feel that their superiors have a strong style of servant leadership, a high-quality social exchange relationship will be established between employees and leaders, and help employees reach an agreement with the organization in their understanding of HPWS and form a community of interests. Employees can feel that the organization attaches importance to them with HPWS, and they will think that the organization provides them with resource support and growth space through HPWS to help them improve their abilities and realize their self-worth, thus generating a strong organizational identity to further promote the innovative behavior of employees.#br#On the basis of the above conclusions, this paper puts forward some suggestions for management practice of enterprises. First of all, HPWS should be established and constantly improved. Secondly, managers should take measures to enhance employees′ organizational identification. Thirdly, a variety of methods should be used to promote employee innovation behavior. Finally, managers should make efforts to cultivate the servant leadership.#br#
2024 Vol. 41 (2): 130-140 [Abstract] ( 83 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1311KB] ( 184 )
141 The Double-edge Sword Effects of the Experience of LMX Ambivalence on Employees′ Deviant Innovation Behavior
Huang Dujuan,Xu Guangyong,Wei Wei
Deviant Innovation helps enterprises create unconventional innovation achievements,and it has become an important way to break through the bottleneck of innovation. With the increasing heat of deviant innovation, a series of research results explaining deviant innovative behavior from individual factors and situational factors are emerging. However, the employees′ perception of situational factors, the resulting emotional state and psychological activity are neglected. In response to the call of scholars for adopting an integrated framework to better predict employees′ innovative behavior, this study takes organizational conflict as the root of deviant innovation. By connecting the logical connection among leader-member exchange(LMX) ambivalence, stress assessment and deviant innovation behavior, a moderated double mediating effect model is constructed to reveal the "black box" mechanism of contradictory experience influencing deviant innovative behavior. It not only increases the research results in the field of contradictory experience and deviant innovation, but also benefits the development of localization research.#br#This paper analyzes the mediating effect of challenge appraisal and threat appraisal between LMX ambivalence and employee deviant innovation based on the cognitive appraisal theory. In addition, employees′ cognitive appraisals vary over the information employees receive from their work situations. According to social information processing theory, the moderating role of supervisor developmental feedback on the mediation effect is examined.This study collects data by questionnaires.The samples are mainly from Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. By the method of hierarchical regression and Bootstrap,503 valid samples collected in two periods are analyzed by SPSS22. 0 and AMOS23.0 software．Firstly, the descriptive statistical analysis, reliability and validity test, confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analysis are carried out to confirm that the samples are suitable for regression analysis. Then, the main effect, mediating effect and moderating effect of this study are tested by hierarchical regression. Finally, the Bootstrap method is used to test the chain mediation effect. The results show that (1) LMX ambivalence has a significant positive impact on employees′ deviant innovation;(2) cognitive appraisal plays a mediating role in the relationship between LMX ambivalence and employees′ deviant innovation,that is,LMX ambivalence may not only stimulate employees to conduct challenge appraisal and promote their deviant innovation,but also induce employees to conduct threat appraisal and inhibit their deviant innovation;(3) furthermore,supervisor developmental feedback significantly moderates the relationship between LMX ambivalence and employees′ deviant innovation. Specifically,when the high-level supervisor developmental feedback is obtained,the positive indirect effect of the LMX ambivalence on employees′ deviant innovation via challenge appraisal is stronger,and the negative indirect effect of the LMX ambivalence on employees′ deviant innovation via threat appraisal is weaker.#br#The innovation of this study is mainly reflected in the following three aspects. Firstly, by analyzing the triggering mechanism of bootleg innovation combined with the dynamic interaction of environmental stimulus, emotion and cognition, the study provides a new perspective for the research on deviant innovation. Secondly, previous research focusing on a single perspective(positive or negative) is difficult to draw a comprehensive picture of the complex role of ambivalence in the innovation field. This study fully considers the positive and negative effect of LMX ambivalence, and proposes a contradictive dual paths model to shed light on the effect of between LMX ambivalence on employee deviant innovation. Thirdly,this study is a strong echo for the call for empirical research on ambivalence by analyzing the supervisor developmental feedback in high contextual culture. In summary, this study reveals that the LMX ambivalence has a "double-edged sword" effect on employees' deviant innovation and the different mechanism through cognitive appraisal, and expands the theoretical research on LMX ambivalence and deviant innovation. It provides new ideas for managers to scientifically recognize the LMX ambivalence and break through the dilemma of innovation.#br#Future research can draw on longitudinal data to further verify the influence mechanism. Besides the deviant innovation behavior is a sensitive topic, and the self-report measurement method is used to collect data, so the data error may be caused by the subjects' supervisor reports and recalls. More accurate research can be made in combination with experimental methods in the future.#br#
2024 Vol. 41 (2): 141-150 [Abstract] ( 97 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1305KB] ( 235 )
151 The Effect of Error Management Culture on Innovative Proactive Behavior of New Generation Employees: A Moderating Effect Model Based on the 3-way Interactions
An Shimin,Chen Ying,Zhang Yuqi
With the dynamic degree of the organizational environment and the complexity of the task significantly increased, the success of the organization and the acquisition of competitive advantage mainly depend on the positive planning and initiative of employees to promote innovation.Nowadays, the new generation of employees, represented by the post-90s generation, is gradually becoming a new driving force in organizational development and an important group to promote the sustainable development of enterprises.It is an important question for the current human resources management of enterprises of how to encourage the new generation of employees to produce innovative proactive behavior and unleash the momentum and vitality of this group.However, proactive behavior in the context of innovation is a process full of high risk and high uncertainty, and the occurrence of errors is difficult to avoid completely.At this time, the attitude and way of the organization towards errors will affect the attitude and behavior of employees.Since few scholars have studied the impact of organizational culture on innovative proactive behavior, it is of great significance to explore how to improve innovative proactive behavior of new generation employees from the perspective of error management culture.#br#On the basis of social cognitive theory and proactive motivation model, this study takes the process of "environment cognition behavior" as the analytical framework, and introduces thriving at work to explore the internal mechanism between error management culture and innovative proactive behavior of new generation employees.Meanwhile, it develops a three-way interaction model to discuss the boundary conditions of the effect of error management culture on innovative proactive behavior of new generation employees by including task complexity and promotion focus.Through the hierarchical regression analysis, the process mediating effect test and the bootstrap test on a sample of 766 new generation employees, the empirical study shows that thriving at work partially mediates the positive correlation between error management culture and innovative proactive behavior of new generation employees.When tasks are highly complex and employees are of promotion focus, error management culture has the strongest positive correlation with the innovative proactive behavior of the new generation of employees through thriving at work, and the three-way interactions among error management culture, task complexity and promotion focus are significant.#br#The paper contributes to the present studies in three aspects.First, it discusses the mechanism of error management culture on the innovative proactive behavior of the new generation of employees, providing a new theoretical perspective and entry point for understanding the emergence of innovative proactive behavior.Secondly, it verifies the intermediary role of thriving at work between the error management culture and the innovative proactive behavior of the new generation of employees, and provides a new interpretation path for the impact of error management culture on the innovative proactive behavior of the new generation.Finally, it explores the impact of the three interactive effects of error management culture, task complexity and promotion focus on the innovative proactive behavior of the new generation of employees, which to some extent makes up for the lack of attention paid to multiple boundary conditions in previous studies.#br#In practice, it provides reference for the organization to treat errors correctly and guide the new generation of employees to have positive psychology and behavior.Enterprises should take measures to establish a positive error management culture, combine error control with error learning, so as to stimulate the vitality and momentum of the new generation of post-90s employees, enhance their thriving at work, reduce negative emotions and encourage active learning.In addition, enterprises should cultivate and shape employees' promotion focus through targeted internal training and daily management, and take measures such as job enrichment, appropriate authorization, and updating work content to increase the task complexity of promotion-focused employees.#br#
2024 Vol. 41 (2): 151-160 [Abstract] ( 85 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1306KB] ( 216 )
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