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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY
 
2023 Vol.40 Issue.9
Published 2023-05-10
Innovation in Science and Technology Management
Regional Scientific Development
Industrial Technological Progress
Enterprise Innovation Management
Legal System and Policy of Science and Technology
Review
Sci-tech Talent Cultivation
Innovation in Science and Technology Management
1 The Impact of Social Status Perception on Entrepreneurial Commitment: A Comparative Perspective of Temporal and Spatial Dynamics
Zhu Hongming,Tang Yanzhao,Xiao Xionghui
As a comprehensive representation of behavioral and emotional engagement, entrepreneurial commitment has a significant impact on the growth and achievement of entrepreneurs, as well as the survival and success of new enterprises. Exploring the source of entrepreneurial commitment is not only a research topic of interest for academics, but also a major concern for entrepreneurs. However, most of the existing studies start from the demographic characteristics and individual personalities to analyze the impact of individual factors on entrepreneurial commitment, such as age, entrepreneurial motivation, overconfidence, entrepreneurial alertness, risk tolerance, entrepreneurial experience, etc. The impact of entrepreneurs′ perceptions of social status as a result of their interactions with the environment on their entrepreneurial commitment has been largely ignored.#br#Entrepreneurs′ perception of social status encompasses not just objective socio-economic status, but also the perception and cognition of the environment and opportunities; it includes both the perception of current status and the imprint of past status and the expectation of future status. This study employs the spatial-temporal comparison perspective rather than the traditional perspective of current subjective status, to better comprehend the complex signals that underpin social status perception, as well as to supplement our limited understanding of its dynamics and comparability. Specifically, this paper depicts the psychological reality of entrepreneurs′ perception of social status from five aspects: subjective social status, social status perception bias, social status neighborhood comparison, social status subjective mobility and social status mobility expectation. The aim is to address the questions of what information is underlying entrepreneurs′ perceptions of their social status, and what impact they have on entrepreneurs′ entrepreneurial commitment.#br#Based on the empirical analysis of data from China Labor-force Dynamic Survey (CLDS) in 2016, this study has the following findings. First, when the subjective social status is low, entrepreneurs show a higher level of entrepreneurial commitment, which is mainly driven by desperate desire, the cognition of resource disadvantage and the imprint of diligence and resilience. Second, there is a negative correlation between social status perception bias and entrepreneurial commitment. The larger the cognitive bias, the more likely it will bring an illusion of being content with the status quo, which is not conducive to strengthening entrepreneurial commitment. Third, entrepreneurs who believe their social status is higher than the neighborhood average have a lower level of entrepreneurial commitment, whereas those who believe their social status is lower have a higher level of entrepreneurial commitment. Fourth, there is a significant positive relationship between social status mobility and entrepreneurial commitment. Because of their previous experience of successfully accomplishing social mobility, entrepreneurs with a sense of upward mobility will have a better sense of self-efficacy which will stimulate a higher entrepreneurial commitment. Fifth, empirical evidence does not support the impact of social status mobility expectations on entrepreneurial commitment. According to this study, negative expectations have a negative effect on entrepreneurial commitment, but positive expectations have no such effect. Overall, this study enriches the entrepreneurial literature in a variety of ways. First, this study expands the antecedents of entrepreneurial commitment from a new theoretical perspective of social status perception. Important impacting elements such as subjective social status, perception bias, neighbor comparison, and subjective mobility are found and it contributes tothe studies on demographic characteristics and entrepreneurial personalities. Second, based on the perspective of spatial and temporal comparison, this study provides a broadening horizon of social status perception. The majority of previous organizational writing on social status perception is focused on individuals' current social status being perceived in a static manner. This study brings the subjective sense of social status to five dimensions, which contribute to a better understanding of the complicated mechanisms underlying social status perception. Finally, this study adds valuable insights to existing research from an interdisciplinary perspective of entrepreneurship and sociology. Although social status has long been a hot topic in sociology research, it is rarely explored in entrepreneurship studies. This paper complements research on the impact of individual sociality on economic behavior by extending insights related to theperception of social status to the field of entrepreneurship. At the same time, it enriches the research context of social status perception and contributes to sociology research.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (9): 1-11 [Abstract] ( 284 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1367KB] ( 399 )
12 The Double-edged Sword Effect of Paradox Mindset on Team Innovative Strategy Decision-making: An Event-analysis-based Quasi-Experimental Study
Li Chunxuan,Li Cirong,Yang Yanyu,Liu Jing
With the intensification of market competition, it has become a key driving force for the sustainable development of enterprises to seek technological breakthroughs to pursue or maintain competitive advantages. The technological innovation is characterized by situational dynamics, time urgency and path ambiguity. It has become an important process for enterprises to form unique competitiveness by making high-quality innovative strategic decisions in order to integrate innovation contradictions. The R&D team is the basic unit for performing innovation tasks in an enterprise and the core unit of solving contradictions. How can it achieve the above goals for the enterprise? This is an urgent problem in both theory and practice. With the development of innovative strategic decision research, scholars' attention has gradually been shifted to the internal psychological factors. Team mindset, especially team paradox mindset which is viewed as inner foundation of teams to deal with paradoxical problems has aroused concern. Despite the fact that the paradox mindset has been seen as the fundamental cognitive elements of creativity emergence, its complexity could induce the negative cognitive effect. Yet the positive and negative effects of this mindset are seldom tapped, which leads to the unclear role and function of team paradox mindset in the innovative strategic decision-making process of R&D team.#br#The paradox theory presumes that salient tensions can spur a virtuous cycle that enhances creativity, innovation, and sustainability, but tensions can also lead to a vicious cycle that increases anxiety and defensiveness. The cognitive fit theory states that the problem-solving mental representation and behavior are independent on whether problem-solving skills (such as knowledge level, cognitive ability, and thinking style) match the task representation, and task performance is affected accordingly. Paradox mindset refers to mental templates in which the actors recognizeand accept the persisting inconsistencies of contradictory forces.It can not only help teams to deal with diverse information and make reasonable judgments, but also avoid potential task conflicts in the interaction of knowledge and opinions among team members. Conversely, paradox mindset may be harmful when matched to inappropriate task representation. Controversy caused by abundant new information and ideas will lead to conflicts among members. In view of this, this study constructs a dual-path integration model of paradox mindset on team innovation strategy decision-making process to explore both the positive and negative effects of paradox mindset simultaneously.#br#　As mentioned above, the paradox mindset is not appropriate for all tasks or the entire course of a task. The matching of task representation with the characteristics of paradox mindset is the core to fully play its positive role. The external environment often undergoes unpredictable changes in innovation, so that the team also needs to face the adjustment of mission objectives and specific implementation plans. The analysis of the paradox mindset characteristics shows that it is more suitable for dealing with complex tasks which is high uncertainty and require broader knowledge and skills, rather than tasks with the standardized process. That means the paradox mindset may be more likely to play a positive role after the R&D tasks are adjusted. Therefore, this study regards R&D task adjustment as a key event to stimulate the positive effect path of team paradox mindset and explores the impact of paradox mindset on team innovation strategic decision-making process in different R&D task scenarios.#br#On the basis of the cognitive fit theory, this study investigates how team paradox mindset influences team innovative strategic decision-making process in “double sword” pathways. The hypotheses are tested by the longitudinal data from 145 teams with five measurement occasions over one-and-a-half-month period. The hierarchical linear model is used and the event analysis is conducted and both team members and supervisors are in a quasi-experiment setting. It is found that firstly before the R&D task adjustment, the team paradox mindset is positively related to team conflicts, and is negatively related to team decision complement. Secondly after the R&D task adjustment, the team paradox mindset is positively related to team decision complement and negatively related to team conflict. Thirdly the team workload/information elaboration mediates the relationships between team paradox mindset and team conflict/team decision comprehensiveness. The findings provide the practical evidence for R&D team cognition and task management.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (9): 12-21 [Abstract] ( 223 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1318KB] ( 205 )
Regional Scientific Development
22 Impact Assessment and Mechanism Analysis of the Construction of Free Trade Zones on the Innovation Efficiency of National High-tech Zones
Liu Fan,Xiang Xuzhao
The construction of national high-tech zones is an important measure to improve China's independent innovation ability. And it is of great significance to the strategy of innovative national construction. The free trade zone is an important platform for China to establish a new system for high-level open economy. The outline of the National 14th Five-year Plan clearly stresses the significance of "strengthening the innovation function of high-tech industrial development zones" and "giving free trade zones greater autonomy in reform and innovation". It has become an important measure for China to accelerate the high-quality development of national high-tech zones and free trade zones to promote the strategy of innovation-driven development as well as the reform and opening-up policy. In recent years, the geographical overlap between the national high-tech zone and the free trade zones has become increasingly obvious. The construction emphasis and objectives of these two types of zones are also highly consistent. It has become a practical issue to promote the joint innovation of high-tech zones and free trade zones. More importantly, this is in line with the internal requirements of building a new development pattern. It is very challenging to objectively evaluate the innovation efficiency of high-tech zones and accurately identify the mechanism of the free trade zone policy. #br#Therefore, on the basis of literature and theoretical analysis, this paper aims to clarify the internal mechanism of the joint innovation between high-tech zones and free trade zones, and also makes an empirical study on the impact of the establishment of the free trade zones on innovation efficiency of high-tech zones. This will help give better play to the policy superposition effect of free trade zones and high-tech zones, and build the two types of zones into important nodes of the "dual circulation" development pattern. Specifically,based on the theoretical analysis, this study discusses the theoretical mechanism of the impact of the establishment of free trade zones on the agglomeration level of innovation resources and the innovation efficiency of high-tech zones. Then drawing on the panel data of 34 national high-tech zones and their cities from 2007 to 2020, it uses DEA-Malmquist model to measure the innovation efficiency index of high-tech zones, and also uses the time-varying DID method to evaluate the impacts of free trade zones on the agglomeration level of innovation resource and the innovation efficiency of national high-tech zones. #br#Through the theoretical analysis and empirical analysis, the main conclusions are drawn as follows. First, the mean values of innovation efficiency index, technical efficiency index and technical progress index of both the treatment group and the control group are greater than 1. Among them, the mean value of technical progress index is greater than the mean value of technical efficiency index. This shows that the innovation efficiency of the high-tech zones was improved from 2007 to 2020, and itmainly depended on the improvement of technical progress rather than technical efficiency. Second, the establishment of the free trade zones has a significant positive impact on the agglomeration level of innovative resources of high-tech zones, and it is manifested in three aspects: the agglomeration of high-tech enterprises, the growth of R&D expenditure and the growth of R&D personnel. Third, the establishment of the free trade zones does not significantly improve the innovation efficiency of the high-tech zones. In view of the decomposition of innovation efficiency, the reason is that although the establishment of the free trade zone has significantly improved the technical efficiency of the high-tech zones,it has not significantly improved the technical progress of the high-tech zones. These conclusions suggest that the free trade zones should draw upon the institutional advantages and promote the in-depth reform so that more high-quality innovation elements can be gathered. Then on the basis of the agglomeration of high-tech enterprises and the increase of R&D investment, the high-tech zones should further strengthen their innovation ability and improve the utilization efficiency of innovative resources and the conversion efficiency of technological achievements. Finally, the government should open up the institutional and market channels between the free trade zones and the high-tech zones, and integrate the construction of the free trade zones with the high-tech zones, so as to enhance the policy synergy of the two zones and form complementary advantages.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (9): 22-32 [Abstract] ( 197 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2102KB] ( 298 )
33 Comparison of Evolution Patterns of Technology Transfer Networks in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and the San Francisco Bay Area
He Xijun,Wu Shuangshuang,Zhang You,Chan Chee Seng,Pang Ting
The construction of the international science and technology innovation center is an important strategic direction for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) in the new era. It will help promote the coordinated development of the GBA city clusters and the construction of an international science and technology innovation center by studying the structure and evolutionary pattern of the technology transfer network in the GBA, and proposing countermeasure suggestions and experience from the development of the technology transfer network in the San Francisco Bay Area (SFBA). At present, domestic and foreign studies using patent transaction data to analyze technology transfer networks of GBA only focus on a single spatial scale of inter-city networks. This paper further explores the structure and evolution pattern of technology transfer networks in the GBA from multiple dimensions, and conducts a comparative study on the evolution pattern of technology transfer networks in the GBA and SFBA, so as to provide a basis for the optimization and governance of innovation networks of GBA.#br# This paper uses patent transfer data in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) and San Francisco Bay Area (SFBA) from 2003 to 2019, and constructs inter-city, inter-organization and inter-subject technology transaction networks of GBA and SFBA from the macro, meso and micro dimensions. Using social network analysis, statistics and information entropy, this paper compares the structural characteristics and evolutionary patterns of technology transfer networks of GBA and SFBA, and has the following findings. (1) The inter-city technology transfer network of GBA has evolved from a single-center structure with Guangzhou as the core to a multi-core structure with Shenzhen-Dongguan-Guangzhou as the core; however, Hong Kong and Macau are loosely connected to the core cities and are in the peripheral structure of the network. The inter-city network of SFBA has evolved from a dual-core structure with Santa Clara-San Mateo as the core to a multi-core structure with Santa Clara-San Francisco-San Mateo as the core. (2) Enterprise to enterprise transfer is the most important transfer mode in the GBA inter-organization network, and the transfer between industry, universities and research institutes show a declining trend. The role of financial institutions in the evolution of the network has not been effectively played. The transfer between enterprises and financial institutions is the most important transfer mode in the SFBA network, and it shows a rapid growth trend. (3) The inter-subject patent transfer networks of SFBA and GBA have two structural patterns: high-frequency small groups and low-frequency large groups. The network evolution is dominated by a small number of key subjects, and a star-shaped transfer pattern based on core subjects is formed. (4) Compared with the inter-subject network of SFBA, the network structure of GBA is less stable, the scale of subjects continuously involved in technology transfer is smaller, and the gap in technological innovation capacity between subjects is larger, failing to form a reciprocal pattern of technology transfer with complementary advantages and balanced development.#br# Based on the research results, this paper puts forward several suggestions for promoting the efficient development of GBA’s technology transfer network. First, in terms of creating a favorable business environment, the governments of GBA should break down the institutional barriers of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, bring the spillover effect of science and technology innovation into play from the core cities of Shenzhen-Dongguan-Guangzhou, and promote cross-city technology flows and collaborative innovation. Second, in promoting basic research and cooperation between industry, academia and research, GBA should pay attention to the construction of basic research platforms such as universities and national key laboratories, improve the quality of innovation achievements, and bring into full play of the educational, financial and technological advantages of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao to strengthen the cooperation among the three regions in terms of industry, academia, research and application. Third, in terms of financial empowerment for technological innovation, GBA should strive to establish of a cross-regional financial market, leverage the financial advantages of Hong Kong, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, and explore diversified approaches of technological financial services, so as to provide financing access for technology-based small and medium enterprises. Fourth, in the construction of industrial clusters,GBA should focus on emerging industries and strengthen support to cultivate a number of leading enterprises, and rely on leading enterprises to integrate advantageous industrial innovation resources, give play to the innovation spillover effect, and drive the development of small and medium-sized enterprises.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (9): 33-43 [Abstract] ( 154 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2769KB] ( 143 )
Industrial Technological Progress
44 The Impact of the Manufacturing Digitalization on the GVC Division Status Based on the Different Input Sources
Xu Zheng,Zhang Qizi,Sun Qin
After more than four decades of reform and opening-up, China has made remarkable economic achievements and it has moved from high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality development. However as the world's largest manufacturing country, China is the in low end of the global value chain(GVC) division status of manufacturing industry, and its manufacturing industry is "big but not strong". At present, China not only faces the problem of rising labor costs and other constraints, but is also confronted with a series of challenges from the complex international economic situation, such as anti-globalization, technological control and blockade of Western countries, and the rise of emerging economies. Under the background of the rapid spread of new technological revolution and China's long-term and low-end lock in the global value chain, it is of great practical significance to grasp the opportunity of the digital economy for building a modern industrial system, promoting high-quality development and realizing the goal of becoming a manufacturing power. #br#Although many literatures have analyzed the factors affecting the GVC division status, and some have studied the relationship between digital economy and global value chain, few researches are from the perspective of input sources. The "technology-economy" transformation promoted by digital technology can improve the efficiency of social resource allocation and provide new sources for society. Then, in the process of digitalization, does the digitalization from domestic input and foreign input in a national industry have different effects on the promotion of GVC division status? What is the influence mechanism of manufacturing digitalization on the GVC division status?#br#On the basis of the summary of relevant literature at home and abroad, this paper systematically expounds the mechanism of industrial digitalization affecting the GVC division status, and calculates the index of manufacturing digitalization and the GVC division status by using the panel data of 17 manufacturing industries in 42 economies from 2000 to 2019. An econometric model is constructed to empirically test the influence of manufacturing digitalization on the GVC division status. The results show that the improvement of manufacturing digitalization level originating from domestic resources can significantly promote the improvement of the GVC division status, while the improvement of manufacturing digitalization level originating from foreign countries can significantly inhibit the improvement of the GVC division status. Domestic digitalization can improve the GVC division status through the efficiency enhancement effect.#br#Compared with the existing literature, this paper integrates manufacturing digitalization and GVC division status into a unified analytical framework, and analyzes the impact and transmission mechanism of manufacturing digitalization on GVC division status. Thus,with the analysis of different input sources, this paper has overcome the bias of previous studies only looking at the overall results of "digitalization" improvement while ignoring the influence of sources of digitalization input.#br#The research suggests that firstly digital industrialization should be promoted in an all-round way. It is essential to make more efforts inrelevant research and development to break through technical bottlenecks and improve the technical capacity of the digital industry; it is also urgent to strengthen talent training to improve the value mining ability of data resources, and increase the support of financial insurance, fiscal and tax policies for the digital industry, so as to better play the role of domestic digitalization in promoting the GVC division status. Secondly it is critical to attach importance to the influence of the source of industrial digitalization, give full play to the enhancement effect of domestic digitalization on the GVC division status, become less dependent on international digital industry resources in the process of industrial digitalization, and improve the efficiency of industrial digitalization transformation. Thirdly the government should effectively guide the digital transformation of various industries by unifying data standards, promoting the implementation of the data security law in all industries, establishing a mechanism to protect data security and promoting the formation of a national data circulation, etc. The research conclusion of this paper has reference significance for China to promote industrial digital transformation and rise as a manufacturing power.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (9): 44-54 [Abstract] ( 143 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1329KB] ( 249 )
55 The Influence Mechanism of Enabling Government Behavior on the Construction of Industrial Chain: A Multiple Case Study Based on Grounded Theory
Wang Jinfu,Cheng Menglan,Zhang Yingying
A stable industrial chain is of great practical significance to China's industrial development and economic growth. However the COVID-19 epidemic and the prevalence of trade protection entities have caused a serious impact on China's industrial chain and supply chain. Given the practical characteristics of China's economic system and domestic local industrial development, it is infeasible to rely entirely on the market mechanism to build the chain enterprises or the industry itself; the successful practices of Hefei, Shenzhen and other local governments proves that it is an effective path for local governments to play the role of "visible hand" to promote the construction of industrial chain. However, at present, there is an academic controversy about the role of the government in the construction of the industrial chain. The proponents suggest that the government should take the initiative, and the opponents believe that the industrial chain is an industrial ecological organization formed in market competition, and too much reliance on local governments to promote the construction of the industrial chain will lead to resource misallocation and industrial preferential management. The controversies imply the core issue of how government behavior can play an effective role in the construction of industrial chain. The theory of enabling government provides new research ideas for solving this problem. In addition, the construction of industrial chain requires a variety of resources and capabilities across industries and organizations. The value added based on the synergy effect is an important driving force for the construction of industrial chain, and the value synergy of members in the system helps to promote the generation of system value. It can be seen that value synergy is an important variable affecting the activities of the industrial chain system, but the in-depth research on existing value synergy is mainly concentrated in the field of innovation ecosystem, and only a few scholars have transplanted this concept to the study of the industrial chain with preliminary discussion of the role and effect of enterprise value synergy on the chain in the industrial development. How to further divide the value synergy and how the value synergy between enterprises on the chain affects the construction of the industrial chain need in-depth exploration. Therefore, from the perspective of on-chain enterprise value collaboration, this paper studies the enabling government behavior and its mechanism affecting the construction of industrial chain based on the theory of enabling government.#br#This paper selects the industry chain of most classic new display, integrated circuit and new energy vehicle in Hefei as the study object, and obtains the primary and secondary data through semi-structured interviews, literature review, policy documents and other channels. By applying Nvivo 12.0 software to standardize the collected data for three-level coding of normative rooted theory, it aims to clarify the enabling government behavior to promote the construction of industrial chain, and explore the influence mechanism of enabling government behavior on industrial chain construction.#br#Through multiple case studies, it is found that firstly enabling government mainly promotes the construction of regional industrial chain through top-level design empowerment, key link empowerment and basic element empowerment, of which top-level design empowerment behaviors include identifying regional industrial foundations and strategic support, key link enabling behaviors include strategic investment and supporting industrial chain coordination, and basic element empowerment behaviors include gathering talents, promoting government-industry-university-research collaboration and optimizing the business environment. Secondly the top-level design empowerment behavior is the premise for promoting the construction of regional industrial chain; enabling behavior in key links is the key to promoting the construction of regional industrial chain; the enabling behavior of basic elements provides basic resources for the construction of regional industrial chain. Thirdly strategic synergy and resource synergy in on-chain enterprise value synergy play important mediating roles in the enabling government behavior to promote the construction of industrial chain.#br#In summary this study enriches the practical application of the enabling government theory and clarifies the specific government enabling behaviors to promote the construction of industrial chain; from the perspective of on-chain enterprise value synergy, it opens the black box of the impact mechanism of enabling government behaviors on industrial chain construction and provides reference for relevant enterprises in the industrial chain to promote the construction of industrial chain.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (9): 55-64 [Abstract] ( 228 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1277KB] ( 442 )
Enterprise Innovation Management
65 The Impact of Traceability Practices and Dynamic Capabilities on Firm Innovation Performance: A Case of Manufacturing Firms
Zhou Xiongyong,Xu Zhiduan
Innovation is the key to a firm's long-term competitive advantage. At present, manufacturing firms pay too much attention to product innovation, while innovations of process and management are relatively lagging behind. With the increasing modernization of management technology, information management-related innovation needs to be further strengthened. In the era of Industry 4.0, manufacturing firms are using the latest digital technologies to drive innovation on all fronts. One of the most valuable ways in which digitalization empowers manufacturing firms is to facilitate the traceability of products and their key components/raw materials. Traceability practices not only achieve positive results in improving quality management and reducing the scale of recalls, but also help to innovate product development, optimize business processes and improve management models. But many manufacturers remain skeptical if traceability practices can improve innovation performance. Therefore, this study aims to examine whether and how traceability practices in manufacturing firms can improve innovation performance, and the research findings are conducive to the creation of the sustainable competitive advantages for firms.#br#Extant literature has focused on exploring consumers' traceability preferences and how to implement traceability systems, but little attention has been paid to the performance improvement after firms implement traceability practices, especially the relationship between traceability practices and innovation performance is rarely touched. Although scholars have repeatedly emphasized that product traceability is closely related to firm innovation, there is a lack of sufficient empirical evidence on the mechanisms through which traceability practices affect firms' innovation performance. Therefore, it is necessary to go into details of the relationship between the two. Dynamic capability theory suggests a new perspective in traceability practices for improving innovation performance. Since traceability practices are a form of organizational resource management, their potential innovation performance is most likely brought about by the enhancement of the dynamic capabilities of the organization. Therefore, in exploring the relationship between traceability practices and innovation performance, this study attempts to further analyze the mediating role of dynamic capabilities on the above relationship, which is important for uncovering the black box between traceability practices and performance improvement.#br#Drawing on dynamic capability theory, this study constructs a theoretical model of traceability practices and dynamic capability for innovation performance improvement in manufacturing firms. This paper first explores the direct effect of traceability practices on firm innovation performance improvement; then it empirically examines the indirect effect of dynamic capabilities on traceability practices and innovation performance, to further explain the impact mechanism of traceability performance formation. Using valid questionnaire data from 279 Chinese manufacturing firms in four traceability system demonstration regions, this paper verifies the hypothesis by defining variables and constructing the structural equation modeling method.#br#It is found that firstly traceability practices of manufacturing firms have significant positive effects on product innovation, process innovation, and management innovation; meanwhile, process innovationsignificantlyimproves when manufacturing firms implement traceability practices, followed by management innovation and, to a lesser extent, product innovation. Secondly traceability practices of manufacturing firms have a significant positive impact on dynamic capability improvement. Thirdly traceability practices are also mediated by dynamic capabilities in the process of promoting innovation performance improvement. Among them, dynamic capabilities have partial mediating effects on the impact of traceability practices on process innovation and management innovation, and full mediating effects on the impact of traceability practices on product innovation. #br#This study responds to the call for firm performance by bringing insight into the relationship between traceability practices and innovation performance, and revealing the pathways by which traceability practices affect different types of performance. Moreover, it introduces dynamic capability as a mediating variable to provide empirical evidence for the research on the traceability practices and firm innovation performance. Besides this study contributes to the functions and values of traceability by examining the impact mechanisms and processes of traceability practices on firms' innovation performance and provides empirical evidence from emerging markets to enrich and deepen traceability research. Finally, it provides innovative cases in the field of traceability technologies for digital manufacturing research under Industry 4.0 by validating the potential association of traceability practices with the innovation performance of manufacturing firms. There are theoretical guidance and managerial insights for manufacturing firms to fully understand the value of traceability practices and how dynamic capabilities play a necessary role in the process of traceability practice to advance innovation performance improvement.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (9): 65-73 [Abstract] ( 199 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1398KB] ( 280 )
74 Financial-Industrial Integration, Trade Friction and Innovation Output of Manufacturing Enterprises
Li Yuanhui,Chen Rongrong
Manufacturing is an important pillar industry of the national economy. It is an important link to promote the innovation of manufacturing enterprises in the new pattern construction of “domestic circulation as the mainstay and domestic and international circulations reinforcing each other”, which is crucial to improving national productivity and enhancing international competitiveness. However, enterprise innovation generally has the characteristics of high risk, high investment, long cycle and slow return, and often faces serious external financing constraints. In the process of financial system reform, manufacturing enterprises buildan“internal capital market” with financial institutions through financial-industrial integration, and then realize the internalization of external financial resources, and effectively reduce the financing constraints. Therefore, it is of great significance for manufacturing enterprises to actively carry out financial-industrial integration to obtain innovation fund support and promote high-quality innovation of enterprises #br#With the continuous economic development, China plays an increasingly important role in international trade. But at the same time, Chinese export enterprises are confronting with more and more serious trade frictions. According to statistics from the China Trade Remedies Information Website, China was subject to 134 export anti-dumping investigations in 2020, an increase of 31.37% over 2019. Trade friction is an important macro factor affecting the development of China's economy and affects the investment and financing behavior of micro- enterprises. Based on this, this paper investigates the impact of financial-industrial integration on the innovation output of manufacturing enterprises and the moderating effect of trade friction on their relationship.#br#This paper takes the data of China's A-share manufacturing listed companies from 2007 to 2019 as the initial sample. ST samples and data missing samples are further removed. A total of 20 275 samples are obtained, of which 2 658 are financial-industrial integration samples. #br#The results show that financial-industrial integration and its breadth, length and depth promote the innovation output of manufacturing enterprises. The promoting effect is stronger when there are more serious trade frictions. The baseline results are robust to alternative measures and tests that address potential endogeneity concerns by employing the PSM methods and the Heckman two-stage test. Further studies on trade countries, trade industries and trade volume show that compared with trade frictions in developing countries, trade frictions in developed countries have a stronger moderating effect on the financial-industrial integration and innovation output of manufacturing enterprises. Compared with manufacturing enterprises in low-tech-intensive industries, trade friction has a stronger moderating effect in medium and high-tech-intensive industries. Compared with manufacturing enterprises with low overseas trade volume, trade friction has a stronger moderating effect in enterprises with high overseas trade volume.#br#The measurement of the financial-industrial integration is relatively simple in existing studies,and it doesn't systematically describe the specific situation of the financial-industrial integration. Moreover,little literature focus on the impact of macro trade environment on the financial-industrial integration and the innovation output of manufacturing enterprises from the perspective of trade friction. The contributions of this paper are as follows. Firstly, based on the financing constraints theory and the synergistic effect theory, this paper further expands the research on the effect of financial-industrial integration layout and trade friction on the innovation output of manufacturing enterprises. Secondly, this paper studies the impact of trade friction on the relationship between the financial-industrial integration and the innovation output of manufacturing enterprises. It enriches the research on international trade environment and micro enterprise behavior. Finally, from the perspectives of trade countries, trade industries and trade volume, this paper discusses the difference in the effects of trade friction on the relationship between financial-industrial integration and the innovation output of manufacturing enterprises. It provides more empirical evidence and reference to guide the healthy development of financial-industrial integration of manufacturing enterprises under the background of trade friction.#br#It is suggested that manufacturing enterprises can try to promote innovation output through financial-industrial integration. Specifically, they can expand the types of financial licenses, hold long-term shares in financial institutions, and strengthen the equity control of financial institutions. Especially in the period of serious trade friction, the financial-industrial integration decreases the financing constraints and higher operational risks caused by trade friction, which is conducive to manufacturing enterprise innovation.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (9): 74-83 [Abstract] ( 180 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1244KB] ( 233 )
84 Market Turbulence Driving Enterprise Intelligent Transformation: A Threshold Effect Study
Wang Cizhi,Feng Jialin,Sun Zhongjuan,Xie Wei
"Made in China 2025" is the first 10-year plan of national manufacturing power strategy, and the intelligent transformation has become the developing focus for manufacturing enterprises in recent years. The feature of digital economic market is volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous. The market turbulence performs unstable changes of customer demand and market competition which provide opportunity windows for enterprise intelligent transformation. The intelligent transformation refers to the process that a firm uses digital and intelligent technology to upgrade R&D and reshape the enterprises' existing resource allocation according to intelligent strategic concepts and technical requirements. Existing studies have pointed out that intelligent transformation is not only a transformation of technological innovation, but also a transformation of organizational configuration that requires enterprises to integrate intelligent concepts into existing manufacturing, sales logistics, organizational operations, strategic structures and other links at the strategic level. Therefore, the enterprise intelligent transformation needs to be conducted on both technical level and the strategy level to catch the new opportunities in the turbulent market. On the technical level, the technological innovation capability refers to the ability to develop new process technologies and new products to satisfy market demands. On the strategic level, the strategic flexibility capability refers to the ability to reset resources and organizational processes. However, previous researches have paid little attention to the technical and strategic aspects of enterprise intelligent transformation. Therefore, this paper incorporates market turbulence, intelligent transformation, technological innovation capability and strategic flexibility capability into the research framework, exploring whether there exists threshold of capabilities required by enterprises in market turbulence driving the enterprise intelligent transformation.#br#This paper combines the technological innovation theory and strategic flexibility theory, uses the balanced panel data of 518 listed manufacturing companies which are in continuous operating from 2010 to 2020 to verify the hypothesis by defining variables and constructing the threshold regression model. The results of empirical analyses show that firstly there exists a single threshold of technological innovation capability during the process of turbulent market driving enterprise intelligent transformation. When an enterprise's technological innovation capability crosses the threshold, the turbulent market will positively drive enterprise intelligent transformation. Secondly there is the single threshold of strategic flexibility capability during the process of turbulent market driving intelligent enterprise transformation. When an enterprise's strategic flexibility capability crosses the threshold, the turbulent market will also positively drive enterprise intelligent transformation.#br#This study enriches the application of technological innovation theory and strategic flexibility theory. First, based on the threshold effect, this paper constructs the micro-mechanism ofmarket turbulence driving enterprise intelligent transformation with the thresholds of technological innovation capability and strategic flexibility capability. It tries to explore the threshold mechanism and expands the research on the micro-mechanism of enterprise intelligent transformation. Second, this study simultaneously considers the technical and strategic aspects in the enterprise intelligent transformation process and proposes that technological innovation capability is the technical basis for enterprise intelligent transformation and strategic flexibility is the high-level strategic layout for enterprise intelligent transformation. In the turbulent market, the intelligent transformation of enterprises should consider both the existing technological innovation capability and strategic flexibility capability. Third, this study enriches the research perspective of strategic flexibility theory and extends it to the related mechanism research of enterprise intelligent transformation, and it verifies the important role of strategic flexibility in the process of market turbulence driving enterprise intelligent transformation.#br#There are two practical implications for the intelligent transformation of enterprises. On the one hand,successful intelligent transformation in a turbulent market environment has two capability thresholds: technological innovation and strategic flexibility. On the technical level, enterprises need to accumulate enough knowledge and capabilities to screen and capture intelligent technologies suitable for the company's development, integrate technologies and reconstruct the existing production technologies; on the strategic level, enterprises need to realize flexible response of the resources internally and adaptive shaping of the value chain between stakeholders externally. On the other hand, the intelligent transformation of enterprises is not only an intelligent upgradation at the technical level, but also requires a flexible reshaping of internal and external resources on the corresponding strategic level based on digital intelligence technology. Accordingly, enterprises should apply the concept of intelligence to the planning, implementation and adjustment of strategies, so as to truly empower the high-quality development of enterprises in intelligent transformation.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (9): 84-94 [Abstract] ( 207 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1314KB] ( 222 )
95 The Effects of Responsive Innovation of Subsidiaries in Pyramid Group from the Network Pespective
Xu Peng,Zhang Heng,Zhang Zichao
The perspective of competitive dynamics is based on the dynamic nature of strategy and applied in the discussion of interactive relationship and laws of the competitive behaviors between firms. Its core idea is that the attacks carried out by one or some firms in the industry will cause a series of responsive behaviors of competitors, which can in turn affect the selection and implementation of further competitive actions of the first-mover firms. With the accelerated information transmission, diversified consumer demand and increasingly intensive interaction among competitors, a competitive dynamics analysis paradigm has gradually become an important reference for firms in making strategic decisions and implementing competitive behaviors. The responsive behaviors of firms under the competitive dynamics framework are passive, but to a great extent, it determines the results of competition interaction and future competition situation of firms in the same industry. In view of this, as an important part of competitive dynamics, the responsive mechanism in the process of dynamic competition has gradually received widespread attention from the theoretical and academic circles.#br#Innovation, especially technological innovation, plays an important role in the development of firms and has a profound impact on the long-term development of firms. Since innovation is the source of firm value, innovation competition can significantly affect the market status of firms and can be defined as an important competitive behavior. However, at present, there are few studies in academic circles that bring innovation into the analysis scope of competitive dynamics and take it as a responsive behavior. The research on responsive behavior in competitive dynamics is mostly limited to the speed and quantity of responsive behavior. In order to alleviate this problem, this paper introduces innovation into the competitive dynamics’ paradigm, and defines responsive innovation as the decision-making made by firms in response to their competitors' competitive behaviors about innovation. #br#From the perspective of network governance, this paper takes the listed companies within the framework of pyramid groups as samples to analyze the logic and effect of responsive innovation decision-making. The results show that firstly the higher the separation degree of ownership and control within pyramid groups, the more active the subsidiary responsive innovation is. Secondly responsive innovation has a "double-edged sword" effect, that is, with the increase of the subsidiary's enthusiasm for responsive innovation, the corporate performance presents an inverted U-shaped trend. Thirdly the size of firms and the nature of the property right have significant moderating effects on the relationship between responsive innovation and the separation of ownership and control. Specifically, the larger the size of subsidiary, the stronger the impact of the separation of ownership and control on responsive innovation. Compared with state-owned business groups, the separation of ownership and control in private business groups has a stronger influence on responsive innovation. Fourthly a high-quality institutional environment will strengthen the positive impact of responsive innovation on corporate performance, that is, compared with the low-level institutional environment, moderate responsive innovation in the high-level institutional environment can create greater benefits.#br#Compared with previous studies, the contributions of this paper include the following aspects. Firstly, this study takes the separation of ownership and control as an explanatory variable, and tests its positive influence on the responsive innovation of subsidiaries and its contingency from the perspective of network governance, further enriching the theoretical results on the governance effect of pyramid structure. Secondly, from the network perspective,it analyzes the nonlinear correlation between responsive innovation and business performance, and examines if the positive responsive behavior in the dynamic competition of firms can definitely bring about performance improvement. The relevant conclusions provide reference value for the formulation of dynamic competition strategy of firms. In addition, this study puts the technological innovation decision of firms into the competitive dynamics model, and investigates the regularity of firms' formulation and implementation of technological innovation in the competition of industry innovation, further enriching the theoretical framework of technological innovation and competitive dynamics. The measurement index of responsive innovation is constructed based on the technological innovation data of listed companies, which can provide reference for future research in the field of competitive dynamics.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (9): 95-103 [Abstract] ( 132 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1227KB] ( 221 )
Legal System and Policy of Science and Technology
104 Institutional Causes, Legal Response and International Governance of Technology Regulation under "Long Arm Jurisdiction"
')" href="#"> Rao Xiancheng,Xu Difeng
The United States uses the "entity list" system and other measures to eliminate China from the high-end industrial chain based on its technological hegemony, in order to weaken technological competitiveness of China. Coupled with the impact of high tariffs, it forces some of Chinese industries to move overseas to a certain extent, touching the bottom line of China's security and even the global supply chain. The trade and flow of technology and products are based on commercial behavior. It has constituted a "long arm jurisdiction" beyond the scope of national sovereignty by unilaterally restricting the flow of technology for political purposes. The technology regulation under the "long arm jurisdiction" of the United States does cause the problem of technology bottlenecks to China. This paper attempts to analyze the causes of the above problems from the institutional level. From the perspective of external factors, the western countries led by the United States use technological sovereignty to exercise technological hegemony and use technological control measures to exercise "long arm jurisdiction". In terms of internal factors, the Chinese enterprises are short of subjective estimation and there are objectively insufficient incentives for fundamental research by the property right mechanism in China. Technological hegemony can go beyond the "wall" built by multilateralism to curb the scientific and technological development and technological flow of specific countries, and China has become its primary "sniper" target. Chinese enterprises embrace globalization, but to a certain extent, they ignore the harm of "anti-globalization" and the devastating impact of technological constraints on the survival of enterprises.#br# This paper proposes that China should first counter it through domestic legislation, and China has actually adopted the list system of unreliable entities and blocking methods. On this basis, China has formulated the anti-foreign sanctions law and the export control law. The anti-foreign sanctions law not only constructs the extraterritorial legislative jurisdiction in the field of public law, but also endows the private subject with the right to sue for civil compensation. It is necessary for China to coordinate and amend the foreign trade law and the export control law, and incorporate the non-traditional security concept into them to form a unified national security exception clause.#br# It has made principled provisions on the localization transplantation of the American "Bayh-Dole Act" in China in the Law of the People's Republic of China on Scientific and Technological Progress, but the reality has led to the dilemma of its localization application. There is an urgent need to communicate between academia and industry about the improvement of the incentive mechanism of basic research needs.#br# The innovation of this paper is that the introduction of civil public interest litigation can overcome the problem of "tragedy of the commons" in the application of the anti-foreign sanctions law, so Chinese enterprises can avoid from offending enterprises in the industrial chain that comply with the U.S. sanctions plan. Adjusting the novelty grace period system in China's patent law can open up the path of property right of technical documents, provide effective incentives for industry, and will not directly interfere with the scientific autonomy of academia. It not only ensures the scientific autonomy of the academic community and reduces the conflict between knowledge privatization and innovation culture, but also provides rich sources of technology that can be property rights for the industrial community. The industrial community and the academic community virtually form a rational joint force to solve problems in a certain field of science and Engineering Technology.#br#From the research of this paper, we can draw the following conclusions. There are contradictions in the US technology restriction measures. Adhering to the concept of community of human destiny, China should adopt an active and open national innovation system, deeply integrate the industrial chain with the world, actively reshape the global science and technology and trade systems and finally win the "science and technology war".#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (9): 104-111 [Abstract] ( 213 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1188KB] ( 547 )
112 The Standard Contradictions for Establishment of Local Science and Technology Awards and Countermeasures
Cao Haijing,Wang Yan
The local science and technology award is the focus of the construction of local science and technology award system in China, and it is of great significance to promote and protect local scientific and technological innovation. The Plan on Deepening the Reform of Science and Technology Award System issued in 2017 stipulates that local people's governments below the provincial level shall not set up science and technology awards funded by finance, while the Regulation on National Science and Technology Awards (2020 Revision) emphasizes that the above-mentioned local administrative organs shall not set up science and technology awards in the form of prohibitive norms, resulting in standard inconsistencies between the reform decision on science and technology reward system by the Central Committee and the legislation of science and technology reward of the State Council. This problem gives birth to the standard contradictions of establishing local science and technology awards by local administrative organs below the provincial level, i.e., it is unsure whether the reform decision on the science and technology reward system by the Central Committee shall prevail or the legislation of the State Council shall prevail. Therefore this paper aims to analyze and deal with this problem.#br#At present, domestic researches mainly focus on the improvement of the science and technology award system of specific provinces, and lack discussion on the standard contradictions of the establishment of local science and technology awards below the provincial level. Although foreign researches reveal the rationality of the grading of science and technology awards, they seldom analyze the hierarchical structure of the local science and technology award system. Therefore, the research on the standard contradictions of the establishment of local science and technology awards is of special regional characteristics. In this paper, the concept of local science and technology award is strictly defined. By comprehensively using the research methods of normative interpretation, value analysis, historical comparison and logical demonstration, this paper takes the norms of central and local science and technology award system as the research text, sorts out the historical development vein of the contradictions of local science and technology award establishment in combination with the actual situation of the governance on local science and technology award, analyzes the institutional logic of the contradictions, and deeply analyzes the possible ways to deal with the contradictions.#br#The results show that, in the priority order generated by the establishment of local science and technology awards, the CPC Central Committee, the State Council, local people's governments, scientific and technological staff and other different field subjects interact and influence one other with the constraints of their respective institutional logics, resulting in the wrestling of multiple institutional logics such as national logic, performance logic and industry logic, which leads to the standardization contradictions of the establishment of local science and technology awards. One feasible countermeasure is to clarify the priority of the reform decision on science and technology reward system by the Central Committee, based on which to integrate fragmentation of the established norms of local science and technology awards; then it is suggested to solve the inconsistency between the central science and technology award system reform decision and the State Council science and technology award legislation through the administrative interpretation or filing review mechanism, so as to realize the effective connection between the reform decision and the legislative decision; thirdly the coordination and unification of the establishment of local science and technology awards can be realized through the legislative clearing mechanism to solve the contradictions such as the non-uniform standard basis for the establishment of local science and technology awards in the provincial science and technology award local government regulations, and the conflicts with the upper law and the legislative omission.#br#This paper systematically explains and responds to the standard contradictions of the establishment of local science and technology awards below the provincial level. The research results have a positive guiding significance for eliminating the uncertain factors in the construction of the local science and technology award system and giving full play to the structural function of local science and technology awards.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (9): 112-119 [Abstract] ( 187 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1206KB] ( 132 )
Sci-tech Talent Cultivation
120 The Impact of the Entrepreneur's Seniority among Brothers and Sisters on Firm's Disruptive Innovation
Xu Zhengda,Jia Heqi,Lin Song
The impact of birth order on managers′ behavior has aroused the interest of scholars. Birth order refers to the ordering of a child by age among siblings in a family. The impression that "the oldest is simple and honest and the youngest is naughty" is deeply rooted in Chinese. Many entrepreneurs also reported in interviews that their entrepreneurial activities are related to their birth order. In a traditional Chinese family, the first-born child often takes the initiative to take on the responsibility of supporting the family. Such growing-up perceptions often influence adult behavior. So, how does the birth order of entrepreneurs affect their strategic decisions? The answer to this question is of great significance for better understanding the strategic behavior of the new ventures. On the other hand, China's unique one-child policy provides a special research environment for studying the impact of birth order on entrepreneurs. Since 1978, China has implemented the one-child policy which was officially terminated in 2016. This policy inevitably leads to more one-child families in China. This makes the relevant foreign research experience unsuitable for Chinese research context. Do entrepreneurs in a one-child family exhibit similar behavior with the first-born child in a large family? Are entrepreneurs who were born later more willing to “walk in different ways”? Disruptive innovation, as a unique form of innovation, is similar to the pursuit of different ways by individuals later in the birth order. These issues have attracted the attention of the authors, and these research gaps also provide research opportunities for this paper. This paper aims to find how an entrepreneur's birth order impact on firm′s disruptive innovation.#br#Psychological research has demonstrated that children born later have a younger psychological age and are more rebellious. Management research finds that managers' strategic decisions will be significantly affected by family or growth experience. The growth process can not be ignored. Thus, based on evolutionary theory, this paper analyzes the relationship between the entrepreneur′s birth order and the firm′s disruptive innovation. According to the evolutionary theory of biology, environmental factors should also be considered when investigating the relationship between individual birth order and individual behavioral decision-making. The research framework contains two moderated variables of firm growth and the firm′s top management team (TMT) composition. They are the current environmental conditions of the new ventures.#br#This paper collects data on relevant variables using questionnaires. In November 2018, 1,117 entrepreneurs were surveyed in the company's database, including basic founder CEO information and basic information of the new ventures. In March 2019, the professional data team revisited these companies to obtain the dependent variable. They obtained 671 available samples. In addition, new ventures are those founded in less than 8 years while this paper excludes the samples of enterprises that have been established for more than 8 years. The hypotheses are verified with the final sample of 285.#br#The results show that later-born entrepreneurs tend to engage in disruptive innovation behaviors. When firm growth is faster, the impact of the birth order on disruptive innovation is weakened. Compared with the faster growth of the companies, when the growth of the company is slow, the later-born entrepreneurs are more likely to engage in disruptive innovation behavior. Besides, when the proportion of male executives in TMT is higher, the influence of birth order on disruptive innovation is enhanced. Compared with the lower proportion of males in TMT, where the proportion of males is large, the later-born entrepreneurs are more likely to engage in disruptive innovation behavior.#br#This paper has several theoretical contributions. First, this paper investigates the impact of entrepreneurs′ birth order on the firm′s disruptive innovation, extending existing research on birth order. Secondly, it provides a new research perspective for the study of disruptive innovation. The impact of personal factors on disruptive innovation has not been verified in existing research. Finally, this paper also extends the application of evolutionary theory in entrepreneurship. It emphasizeshow corporate environment influences the relationship between entrepreneurs′ birth order on disruptive innovation behavior of the new ventures, which deepens the understanding of evolutionary theory in entrepreneurship. This paper also has practical strategic guidance for entrepreneurs. For example, entrepreneurs who are born later in the order of birth should pay more attention to their own strategic decisions in daily operations, and do not make too aggressive and risky behaviors.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (9): 120-128 [Abstract] ( 132 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1260KB] ( 157 )
129 The Impact of Workplace Digitalization on Employee Innovative Behavior: A Moderated Mediation Model
Ouyang Chenhui,Ma Zhiqiang,Zhu Yongyue
In the digital era, digital innovation in the workplace is not only a competitive advantage, but also a core of survival. As the intellectual capital that affects the competitive advantage of organizations, innovative talents are the key to promoting the digital transformation of workplace and a power source for enterprises to achieve high-quality development. It is of theoretical and practical significance to explore how to stimulate employees' innovation potential and enhance their innovative behavior in the digital process. #br#　Some studies have explored the role of facilitators or hindrances to employees' innovative behavior in the context of the current digital transformation of work styles. These studies have various focuses including specific forms of digitalization in the workplace, the digital transformation strategies at the enterprise level, the specific leadership in the digital age, etc., while neglecting employees' perceived attitudes and emotions toward digitalization at the individual level. Workplace digitalization is a new concept defined as a process oriented towards system, process and role changes within an organization, as measured by employees' attitudes and feelings towards digitalization of the workplace. A large number of jobs and careers will become unpredictable and unstable, and the ability of employees to process and apply information and data, create new content, and continually reflect on and adapt their digital practices will determine the survival and prosperity of individuals and organizations in the digital age. When employees actively apply digital tools to their work in a responsible and effective manner, it means that they are more likely to have the awareness, mindset and ability of innovation and will exhibit more innovative behaviors. Therefore, as a variable characterizing employees' positive attitudes and emotions toward the acceptance and use of digitalization, workplace digitalization may be more effective in triggering employees' innovative behaviors, while the specific mechanisms and boundary conditions between them are rarely explored in a systematic and in-depth manner.#br#　A second-stage moderated mediation model is constructed based on the trait activation theory to explore the specific mechanism of the workplace digitalization effect on employees' innovative behavior by introducing employee career agility and organizational innovative culture as mediating and moderating variables, respectively. The data collected from 473 valid samples through a three-stage follow-up survey are analyzed by SPSS and AMOS software. It is found that workplace digitalization has a significant facilitating effect on employees' career agility including technological adaptivity, agile learning and career navigation; employees' career agility significantly and positively predicts employee innovative behavior and partially mediates the positive effect of workplace digitalization on employee innovative behavior; organizational innovative culture positively moderates the positive relationship between employees' career agility and innovative behavior, and positively moderates the mediating role of career agility in workplace digitalization and employees' innovative behavior. #br#　How to drive employees' innovative behaviors is one of the long-standing hot topics in the fields of organizational behavior and human resource management. In the context of digital transformation in the workplace, this study explores the specific mechanisms of the effect of workplace digitalization on employees' innovative behaviors. It has examined and revised the measurement scale of workplace digitalization based on Chinese organizational contexts, which helps to promote relevant empirical studies and provides a measuring tool to uncover specific mechanisms of the impact of workplace digitalization on employees' emotions, cognition and behaviors. On the basis of this, this study explores the pathway of workplace digitalization to stimulate employee innovative behavior, and it advances the study of the impact of workplace digitalization on employees on one hand; on the other hand, it enriches the research on employee innovative behavior in digital transformation. In addition, this study reveals the moderating role of innovation culture. While responding to the call for research on the "contextualization" of organizational behavior, it helps to verify the boundary conditions of the process of workplace digitalization on employee innovative behavior and improve the study of the mechanism of workplace digitalization. This paper not only provides a complete explanatory framework for the relationship between workplace digitalization and employee innovative behavior, but also makes a deeper interpretation of the relationship between innovation culture and innovative behavior.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (9): 129-139 [Abstract] ( 287 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1308KB] ( 403 )
140 The Heterogeneous Relationships andBoundary Effects between Employee Status and Creativity
Yang Shiyuan,Yue Longhua,Zhao Yuling,Zhang Yaling,Gao Rong
Status represents the social value of employees in the organization,and can be divided into the formal status and informal status. There is a natural logical connection between individual status and employee innovation. However the understanding of the relationship between status and creativity is still ambiguous and contradictory up to now, which is probably because there is no classification of the concept of status. Few studies have strictly distinguished the concept of status, and little attention has been paid to the relationship between status itself and employee creativity.#br#Addressing the above issues, this paper constructs the relationship model between employees' formal status, informal status and creativity, and introduces two moderating variables, supplementary fit and complementary fit. On the basis of 706 valid questionnaires, the paper verifies the direct heterogeneous effects and boundary conditions of formal status and informal status on employees' creativity. The measurement of formal status is usually calculated by the total number of ranks in the organization and the current rank of the employees. However, in the pre-survey, many employees are found to be unsure about a general rank or their ranks. Therefore when measuring the formal status, a relatively simplified approach is adopted to divide the positions of all research objects into four grades from ordinary to high-level: ordinary employees, grass-roots managers, middle manager, and senior managers. It means that the official position of employees in the organization is getting higher and higher. With the increase of positions, the values are 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively. The research on the measurement reference of informal status includes 5 items in total. Three items proposed by Cable et al. are used to measure supplementary fit ; complementary fit includes demand-supply fit and demand ability fit.#br#It is found that firstly there is a U-shaped relationship between employees' formal status and creativity. The creativity of employees with lower and higher formal status is higher than that of employees with intermediate status. Secondly the informal status of employees has a positive impact on creativity, that is, the promotion of employees' informal status can enhance creativity. Thirdly, supplementary fit positively moderates the U-shaped relationship between employees' formal status and creativity, that is, the higher the supplementary fit is, the more obvious the U-shaped relationship between employees' formal status and creativity is; supplementary fit does not moderate the relationship between employees' informal status and creativity, which may be related to the fact that the sources of employees' creativity with informal status are mainly professional competence and personal influence rather than the fit of employees' values and organizational culture. Fourthly complementary fit positively moderates the U-shaped relationship between employees' formal status and creativity, and the linear relationship between informal status and creativity. Lastly the combination of consistent fit and complementary fit positively moderates the U-shaped relationship between formal status and creativity, and the linear relationship between informal status and creativity.#br#In terms of research contributions, first of all, the heterogeneous relationship between formal status and informal status in the organization and employee creativity answers the controversial question of how the status of employees in the organization affect their creativity. Second, in the organization, the promotion of status must have the corresponding ability and position matching to produce higher creativity. Complementary fit is essential. The research conclusion highlights the importance of complementary fit in the process of influencing status on creativity. If the degree of complementary fit is low, the creativity of employees regardless of their type and level of status will decline significantly. Employees need to constantly improve their abilities to meet the requirements of their posts. Organizations should also meet the needs of employees from the material, spiritual and other aspect to effectively stimulate individual creativity. Third, the degrees of supplementary fit and complementary fit between employees and organizations play a joint role in moderating the impact of status on creativity, which further enriches the research of the theory of people-organization fit.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (9): 140-150 [Abstract] ( 135 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1794KB] ( 336 )
Review
151 Technology for Social Good: An International Literature Review and Research Prospects
Wang Changzheng,Xu Longchao,Wang Mengdi
In the era of Industry 4.0 dominated by intelligent network, technological innovation mainly marked by machine learning and artificial intelligence provides better tools and solutions to solve social problems. The research and application of scientific and technological innovation in the field of social welfare has gradually attracted more and more attention, and thus formed the academic focus and research on how to construct and realize a good society by technology.#br#Technology for social good emphasizes the attention to social welfare and public value in the process of association between science and technology and society. It also reflects the effective way of connecting science and technology and enterprise organizations in the age of intelligence to achieve responsibility. It is of great significance for emerging technology companies to participate in the construction of a good society. Drawing on bibliographic analysis methods, this study analyzes 986 foreign language documents to describe the connotation characteristics and process realization of science and technology for good, and by the key analysis of the literature from 2010 to 2020 , it clarifies the current and future science and technology trends for good governance scenarios.#br#Technology for social good also emphasizes how science and technology are applied to a good society and the formation and development of social goodness, which has three connotations: social goodness, science and technology and their relations. Its primary response is how science and technology can improve society or social welfare. As an abstract ideal in the real world, such values can outline the meaning and characteristics of a good society brought about by technology. First, technology for social good has the foresight to care for and shape a good society in the future. Second, it is a kind of social ability containing science, technology, innovation and society. Third, its criterion is value.#br#The research of technology for social good focuses on two aspects. The first is to focus on enterprises' maintenance of social public value and public interest, including on enterprises, corporate social responsibility, behavior and normative model, etc. The other is to focus on social individuals' perception and response to technology for social good, with emphasis on health, attitude and perception. This paper further integrates and summarizes the factors, the construction and display of implementation process of technology for social good. It is concluded that the innovation of science and technology is the base of realization, the adoption and application of science and technology is the way of realization, and sustainable development is the goal of realization of technology for social good. Hence the realization of technology for social good needs to be realized from the social responsibility of the enterprise dimension and the ethical situation of the individual dimension, as well as the various cooperative action relations between the two.#br#Further, under the background of modern governance, the application of science and technology in the scene of modern governance is an important practice of technology for social good. The modern governance scenario of technology for social good could be divided into three aspects: technological governance focusing on technological innovation and technology application, organizational governance focusing on organizational decision-making and innovation, and sustainable development governance focusing on climate challenges and environmental pollution.#br#Given the practice of technology for social good in China, there are many realistic difficulties in the process of good science and technology, that is, technology bad for social good. Thus on the basis of the analysis of the realization elements and practice process of technology for social good, it is necessary to consider the realization possibility of technology for social good under the scenario of Chinese governance in the future. It is essential to strengthen the construction of the concept system of technology for social good and study the complex mechanism of the dynamic relationship between technology for social good and society. At the practical level, it is necessary to actively explore the realization factors and process of technology for social good under different action subjects, and strengthen the investigation and research of technology for social good in China's governance scenarios.#br#
2023 Vol. 40 (9): 151-160 [Abstract] ( 288 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1425KB] ( 223 )
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