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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND POLICY
2018 Vol.35 Issue.12
Published 2018-06-25
1
A TheoryDriven Comparison and Enlightenment of TRIZ, USIT and ASIT
The CK theory provides a clear explanation framework for engineering design, which opening up the black box of engineering design and problem solving process. An analysis and comparison of different systematic innovative methods are carried out based on the CK theory, depicting their basic procedures to suggest that classical contradiction matrix of TRIZ, together with USIT and ASIT, have their own merits, limitations and possible ways of improvement.On the basis of previous theory driven comparison, four prominent features of an "idealized innovative method" can be concluded, namely problem refinement, problem standardization, introduction of knowledge and verification of solutions.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 1-8 [
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The Effect of Alliance Relational Governance on Innovation Portfolio: a Empirical Research based on IT Industry
As an important innovation strategy implement tool, innovation portfolio is widely applied in practice.Extant research only takes the internal factors of the enterprise as the antecedents of innovation portfolio.This paper takes a perspective of alliance relational governance, which is the external organizational environment.Based on the survey date of 197 IT enterprises, we found that alliance relational governance has a significant positive effect on innovation portfolio success, and the resource flexibility as while as the coordination flexibility played an intermediary role in their relationship.While portfolio interdependency moderated the relationship between resource flexibility, coordination flexibility and innovation portfolio success.The conclusion could provide a reference for achieving high performance innovation portfolio.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 9-16 [
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The Research on Organizational Nature and Governance Model of Creative Research Group from the Perspective of Transaction Cost and Innovation Governance
From the management of science and technology to the governance of innovation,it is the inevitable requirement of innovation driven development strategy and innovation oriented national development and construction in the field of science and technology policy and technology management.The theory of transaction cost governance model in economics is the classic theory of organizational nature and governance model.The creative research group is the high-level scientific research innovation team supported by the natural science foundation of China.It is of great theoretical and practical significance to analyze its organizational nature,cooperation network and governance model from the perspective of transaction cost and innovation governance.Analysis found that the creative research group is the scientific research cooperation network organization and middle organization,and its governance model trend is network governance.Defining the organizational nature of creative research group and implementing the governance model of network governance will help promote the achievement of research objectives and cultivate high-level team.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 17-22 [
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The Mechanism of Technology Capitalization from the Perspective of Innovation Ecology
Science and technology play a more and more important role in the national economy, making the technology from the original mean which improves labor productivity into a highly independent economic elements, that is, technical capital; Promoting the transformation of technical knowledge needs the support of technological capital.This environment includes the accumulation of technological achievements, the protection of the patent system, the implementation of patent rights and innovative capital investment from the government, enterprises and the whole society.Only under the joint action of a variety of environmental factors, as the value attribute of capital technology can be induced and serve the national economy.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 23-27 [
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Research on the Knowledge Supply System of Scitech Achievements Transformation under the Perspective of Threedimensional Value Chain
The knowledge supply system of scientific and technological achievements transformation, is the coupling and exchanges of knowledge along different dimensions of value chain, forming knowledge supply system, its exploration can promote the knowledge supply accurately and flow orderly. Based on the value chain module network, the knowledge supply system characteristics and mechanism of scientific and technological achievements transformation was analyzed respectively from three dimensions. In the vertical dimension, the knowledge supply through the value chain of "creativedesignexperimenttestproductionsales", and go through the Knowledge differentiation, processing and valueadded, packaging and application. In the horizontal dimension, the knowledge supply contained in the value modules, with the character of half selfdiscipline. In the cross dimension, the knowledge supply embedded in the value network, with the nature of open combination, interdisciplinary cross and across borders.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 28-33 [
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Study on Influencing Factors of Green Growth Capacity for National New Areas
Based on the stakeholder theory, the major factors impacting green growth capacity of national new areas are identified, and the GreyDEMATEL method is applied to analyze the causeeffect relationships among these factors, and then the casual, effect, and key influencing factors are got. On this basis, this paper further analyzes the internal mechanism of building green growth capacity in national new areas. The results show that the improvement of laws and regulations is the most fundamental factors to influence the construction of green growth capacity in national new areas, and is also one of the important external driving forces in the internal mechanism. Additionally, another external driving force is the environmental awareness of local residents, and is the most important effect factor influencing green growth capacity in the national green areas; Both green management practices and green technological progress and innovation of enterprises in the national new areas are not only the most important driving forces but also have the most significant effect on green growth capacity of national new areas. Meanwhile, these two factors are the important internal driving forces in the inherent mechanism of constructing green growth capacity. The findings in this paper provide some important implications for guiding national new areas and their stakeholders (government, enterprise, NGO and the public) to implement green growth practices.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 34-41 [
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42
Study on the Optimization of Industrial Structure and Spatial Linkage of Zhangjiang National Innovation Demonstration Zone
Zhangjiang National Innovation Demonstration Zone(ZJNIDE) is the key platform and driver for Shanghai to implement the strategies of innovationdriven development，and the construction of influential global innovation center.Based on the industrial structure similarity，the improved gravity model and other research methods， the industrial structure characteristics and the spatial economic linkage pattern of the "22 sub parks" of the ZJNIDE are analyzed，the research found that：①the difference of industrial structure between 22 sub parks of the ZJNIDE is very obvious，the secondary and tertiary industry shows the form of "core periphery" typical spatial layout，the degree of industrial isomorphism between parks is weak；②the space contact between 22 sub parks of the ZJNIDE shows significant spatial heterogeneity，weak space linkage and general space linkage account for the main position，strong linkages are few；③the ZJNIDE has formed a space economic linkage pattern with one core park (Zhangjiang Core Park)，three secondary parks (Yangpu Park，Minhang Park，Jinqiao Park)，while Fengxian Park，Lingang Park，Expo Park，Jingan Park and Chongming Park are at the edge of the overall spatial linkage pattern.To promote the coordinated development of ZJNIDE, it needs to improve the industrial structure similarity between subparks so as to build hightech industry cluster of innovation; optimize the network structure of ZJNIDE focusing on the development of marginal subparks, etc.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 42-48 [
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49
Inherent thinking of Industrial Equilibrium State and the Orderly Development of Industry
The thesis deeply expounds the basic idea of how to explain the process of industry′s development. Combined with classic combustion theory and the concept of entropy, the thesis introduces the industrial temperature curve to simulate and describe the dynamic combustion process of industrial system. It attempts to make up for the regret of Haken and Prigogine on how the system from order to disorder partial loss. Above these, around with nonlinear and nonequilibrium on industry, the author expounds the mechanism of positive and negative entropy flow to industry′s running, and gives the quantitative formula expression, sets up the industrial temperature curve to describe the dynamic derivative process of industry, outlines an intrinsic scientific theoretical system from the "natural relationship" to "logical relationship" then to "function relationship".
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 49-56 [
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57
An Analysis of the Market's Ways to Promote the Cotransformation of Technological Innovation, Patent and Standards
In order to break through the old pattern of international competition, an effective way is to use the mode of "technological innovationpatentstandardization " . This model is one of the main ways of new international competition. The market is an important constraint, how to do on market is one of the effective strategies of our enterprises in the global technology standard competition. This article from three dimensions of technology ,market and object importance , refines the government's four collaborative models , and analyzes the typical characteristics, each model's mechanism and implementation conditions, in order to provide policies and recommendations to improve and accelerate the process of collaborative transformation.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 57-63 [
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The Impact of Innovation Mode on the R&D Efficiency of Agricultural Research Institutes
Based on the
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 64-68 [
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69
Research on the Correction Effect of Investor Sentiment on R&D Investment Shortage in Science and Technology Enterprises
Based on the panel data of 2009-2016 year of Chinese technology listed companies,this paper analyzes the correction effect of investor sentiment on R&D input shortage from the perspective of the free cash flow and equity financing constraints.The results show that investor sentiment has correction effect on R&D investment shortage existing in science and technology enterprises; the smaller the financing constraints,the correction effect of the investor sentiment on R&D investment shortage will be more obvious while free cash flow effect on the correction effect is not obvious.Through the enterprise heterogeneity test,free cash flow in largesized or stateowned or mature technology enterprises will weaken correction effect of investor sentiment on R&D investment shortage; the smaller the financing constraints of the nonstateowned,young,smallsized science and technology enterprises,the more obvious is the correction effect of the investor sentiment on R&D investment shortage.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 69-75 [
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The Influence of Venture Capital on the Growth Performance of Family Business〖HJ*2〗〖HJ〗
Based on the perspective of intergeneration，using a panel data of Chinese A-share listed family firms from 2006 to 2014，this study examines the influence of venture capital on the growth performance of different generations of family firms and whether the influence is different under external conditions. The results show that the influence of venture capital on the growth performance of founder family firms and descendant family firms are different. The negative impacts of venture capital on the growth performance of founder family firm is significantly lower than that of the later generations. Furthermore，we find that the lower the venture capital holdings，venture capital expansion and profit period into the enterprise and enterprise at high maturity region，the negative impacts of venture capital will be alleviated，this effect is stronger in founder family firms than that of descendant family firms. The research results are helpful for the successful use of venture capital financing for the founder family firms and the future generations.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 76-84 [
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The Impact of Financial Subsidy on Scientific and Technological Innovation Business Performance
This paper based the marketing enterprises of Growth Enterprise Market（GEM）sample in 2010-2015.It examined the subsidy effect of the government to support the scientific and technological innovation enterprises from the aspects of the business performance.Through the empirical analysis of panel data,the results show that the financial subsidy has a significant positive impact on the performance of the scientific and technological innovation enterprises,but the influence degree is limited and the lag effect is not significant.Moreover,for different industries listed on the GEM,financial subsidies have focused,the effect is different.While in the enterprise subsidies,the Government should pay attention to playing a guiding role in the market,as well as "antisubsidy" trap.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 85-91 [
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Government Procurement， Financing Constraints and Enterprise Innovation
Based on the 2012 World Bank China enterprise micro survey data, this paper studies the impact of government procurement and financing constraints on enterprise innovation in China. The results show that the financing constraints restrict the enterprise innovation activities,and the government procurement can promote the enterprise innovation,it takes financing constraint as intermediary variable to influence enterprise innovation.After considering the endogeneity problem,the above conclusion remains true.Therefore,we should perfect the supporting policies for government procurement to support enterprise innovation,guide the docking of financial capital and enterprise innovation,and it has important practical guiding significance to speed up the pace of independent innovation of enterprises in China.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 92-98 [
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The Impact of Heterogeneous Regional Market and R&D Investment on Enterprise Innovation Performance
This paper analyses the effect of the R&D on enterprise innovation performance and tests the different effects for heterogeneous regional market based on the China industrial survey panel datasets and panel data fixed effects model.The research results show that the R&D plays a significant role in promoting enterprise innovation performance，regional market size and regional market competition intensity both have significantly negative effect on enterprise innovation performance.In addition，the heterogeneous regional market influence the impact of the R&D on enterprise innovation performance.For enterprises in more regional market size，the promoting effect is weaker; while for enterprises in more regional market competition intensity，the promoting effect is also weaker.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 99-106 [
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Research on Corporate Entrepreneurship Model Driven by Middle and Grassroots Employees
Innovations often occur in unexpected marketsin the Internet age.Traditionally,relying solely on toplevel decisionmakers to identify entrepreneurial opportunities and startup projects,leading to many opportunities for growth are lost.It is increasingly necessary for the middle and grassroots employees to actively identify entrepreneurial opportunities and initiate company entrepreneurial projects.This article uses exploratory case study method to analyze the three successful business cases of QQ Show,QQ Space and WeChat at different stages of development of theTencentCompany, following the logical thinking of identification,development and value realization of entrepreneurial opportunities.Through research, it has obtained six components of the entrepreneurial process:perception and delivery of entrepreneurial opportunities,entrepreneurial decisionmaking,team formation and resource integration,product and market development,new business generation and growth,strategic renewal and organizational change.Refine the management mechanism that matches each key element——horse racing mechanism,fault tolerance mechanism,rapid decision mechanism,proposer responsibility system,shared learning mechanism,and rapid iterative mechanism based on customer experience.To build thecorporate entrepreneurship model driven by middle and grassroots employees.The model not only enriches the theoretical framework of corporate entrepreneurial process research,but also provides decisionmaking basis and practical guidance for the continuous growth of Internet companies.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 107-116 [
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What is the Key for Talent Competition?
In the era of knowledge economy,talent competition is becoming more and more intense.How to attract and retain talent is very important to any city development.This paper uses the method of grounded theory to analyze the narrative records of the urban residence intention and residence behavior of total of 1787 talents from 40 cities in China on the social platform of "Knowing" and "WeChat" and the local city life network platform.We find out that:〖JP〗(1) The factors that affect the talent 's city residence intention and behavior include seven factors:individual city emotion or fit,survival ,relatives and friends,government,urban,individual ability；(2)Talent city residence intention is an important cause to directly affect their behavior of residence,but the residence intention does not necessarily produce residence behavior.Individual emotional/fit factors and opportunity factors only affect the residence intention or residence behavior.The residence behavior can further influence the city's willingness to stay through the individual's emotional / fit factors.The research results enriched the theory of population migration from the perspective of human resources and talent demand,and provided some theoretical guidance for modern cities to solve the urgent need of attracting and retaining talent and gaining talent competitive advantage.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 117-124 [
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Reaserch on the Effect of Paternalistic Leadership on the Transactive Memory System Perfomance
Based on survey data of 130 crossdisciplinary teams as research object，this study analyzed the relationship between the paternalistic leadership and crossdisciplinary team innovation performance from team cognition perspective, and reveal the mediating mechanism of transactive memory system(TMS).Structural equation model analysis results show that:①both benevolence leadership and morality leadership through TMS as mediate variable on crossdisciplinary team innovation performance has a positive effect, even if authoritarianism leadership has no effect on TMS, but has negative effect on crossdisciplinary team innovation performance；②TMS partial mediate the influence of benevolence, morality on crossdisciplinary team innovation performance.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 125-130 [
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Stock Options Risk Incentive，Managerial Power and Corporate Innovation
Using sample of Chinese listed companies from 2006 to 2016, this study investigates the effect of ESOs and CEO power on corporate innovation .We find that both ESOs risk incentive (vega) and CEO power are positively correlated with corporate innovation respectively, but when CEO power and ESOs coexist, the powerful manager will control compensation contract to obtain rent more easily , thus give up risky innovation.So the negative synergistic effect of ESOs and CEO power will discourage corporate innovation.The study adds to literatures on corporate innovation, manager power and top manager equity incentive.The result of the study has certain reference significance that it is helpful to improve organizational innovation competence and corporate governance.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 131-138 [
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The System's Challenges and Responds of Integration of Technical Standard and Patent Right
With the development of modern science and technology in the production and trade, the technical standard properties of technical advancement, Consultative basis and market control happen to closely link to the private rights attribute of patent right. The function and value of the patent right is embodied in the whole standardization process of standard formulation, implementation and information feedback technology. Integration of Technical Standard and Patent Right has become a common phenomenon. Owing to integration of Technical Standard and Patent Right, the relative balance of original parties is broken, the process of standardization may be hindered, the phenomenon of rights abuse may be worsening, the existing system is facing new challenges. In order to response to new challenges, we should upgrade and perfect the intellectual property policy of Organization for Standardization, patent law and antimonopoly law.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 139-144 [
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The Innovation Performance Evaluation of Enterprise's Mainstream and Newstream Based on the Cloud Model
Based on the characteristics of the mainstream and newstream innovation, and the idea of logical framework method. Firstly ,the performance evaluation index systems which were constituted from the four dimensions of innovation input, process, output and efficiency were constructed to reflect the different innovative characteristics. Secondly, the innovative performance evaluation model which was based on the theory of normal cloud was constructed to solve the ambiguity and randomness problem of some evaluation indexes. Lastly, we chose six automobile production enterprises, Calculate the mainstream innovation performance which was based on fuel power and newstream innovation performance which was based on new energy power. The results showed that the evaluation index system and the evaluation model can effectively measure the innovation performance of the mainstream and the newstream, and reflect the contribution of the two innovations to the overall innovation performance of the enterprise.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 145-153 [
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Hotspot and Trend Visualization Analysis of International Innovation and Entrepreneurship Research
Based on the Web of Science database, the literatures of four top international journals from 2007 to 2016 are reviewed via CiteSpace V( a software of knowledge map analysis).Through the cocitation analysis and coword analysis, the paper analyzes the frontier hotspot, evolution path, content and trend of the research in innovation and entrepreneurship field.The results show that the number of papers on innovation and entrepreneurship research is increasing year by year; the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada are located in the first three times in this field; highyield research institutions are mainly distributed in the universities and research institutes of United States, Canada and etc, and institutions in the United States accounted for 70% of the top；highyield authors are Shepherd DA , Wright M , Chrisman JJ , Webb JW , Baron RA , etc.Most of them are distributed in highyielding institutions.The study focuses on the impact of entrepreneurial performance, entrepreneurship, innovation and insight on the development of innovative entrepreneurship, and it is gradually concerned about the legal entry of small and medium enterprises and lawful entry and opportunity identificationof new enterprises.
2018 Vol. 35 (12): 154-160 [
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