|
|
Construction of National Laboratory System and Institutional Innovation: Theoretical Basis and Implementation Mechanism |
Zeng Lining1,Li Yang1,2,Huang Chaofeng1,Li Beiwei3 |
(1.College of Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073,China; 2.Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Applied Economics, National University of DefenseTechnology,Changsha 410073, China;3.China Research Center for Science and Technology Policy and Management, Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130022,China) |
|
|
Abstract National laboratories are national-level scientific research institutions with clear goals, missions and strategic positioning, engaging in original innovation work and undertaking cutting-edge basic research and major national scientific research tasks. As an important part of the national science and technology innovation system, it plays an indispensable role in organizing and carrying out basic research, personnel training, technology development and safeguarding national security. In recent years, the Communist Party and the government have deepened their understanding of the significance of national laboratory, and relevant documents and the principles of relevant conferences have also become the key to coordinating the development strategy of the national laboratory. It is stressed in he Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China that government should actively take the lead in organizing major international scientific projects and give full play to the advantages of the country's socialist system in concentrating its efforts on major events, integrate and optimize the allocation of scientific and technological resources and pay close attention to the construction of an innovation system. The construction of the national laboratory system is a new strategic force to support the national innovation system, and requires institutional and theoretical support. The current research on the national laboratory system has focused on the interpretation of policy texts and the discussion of management innovation cases, but ignored the theoretical guidance of the construction of the national laboratory system in the context of a new round of scientific and technological revolution. The research on theoretical guidance and institutional innovation is still in its infancy, lacking a systematic analysis of the theoretical basis for the construction of the national laboratory system and a clear integration framework for institutional innovation of the national laboratory system construction. Therefore, this paper aims to address these issues.#br#The national laboratory system undertakes the national major scientific and technological innovation strategy and meets the needs of national and social development. As an important part of the national scientific and technological innovation system, it plays an irreplaceable role in the national development strategy. In order to link between industry and research circles, realize the integration and flow of various scientific and technological innovation elements, it is necessary to find the theoretical basis of the national laboratory system construction from the perspectives of management, ecology, systems and other disciplines. Therefore, this paper centers on the national laboratory system, discusses the realistic logic of the construction of the national laboratory system and by combines national innovation system theory, collaborative innovation theory and cooperative game theory to analyze the theoretical basis of the national laboratory system innovation. Then based on the above theoretical basis, this paper provides an effective policy tool for the construction of national laboratory system by focusing on the innovation of system and mechanism in four aspects: policy guidance, business growth, benefit sharing and risk sharing.#br#The results show that: (1) the theory of national innovation system is a guide for China's "national innovation-driven strategy" and an important basis for promoting the development strategy of national laboratories; (2) collaborative innovation theory emphasizes the coordination, cooperation and interaction of various innovation elements, which helps the national laboratory system to maximize the overall effect; (3) cooperative game theory explores the equilibrium problem of research decision-making subjects, which is of great benefit to the establishment of a good mutual trust decision-making mechanism between laboratories and external units. #br#The innovation of this paper is reflected in the deduction of policy recommendations that meet the needs of national laboratory construction from the theoretical basis involved in the national laboratory system construction. The study combines the three theories of national innovation system theory, collaborative innovation theory and cooperative game theory and finds the theoretical basis for the establishment of the national laboratory system. The research on the national laboratory system needs to further explore the basic theory and empirical research (driving factors, operational effectiveness, and scientific and technological evaluation). Especially in the empirical research of the national laboratory, the academic community needs to further explore the pre-driving factors, operating results and scientific evaluation of the operation mode of the national laboratory.#br#
|
Received: 20 October 2021
|
|
|
|
|
[1] SMITH J. Building an entrepreneurial knowledge culture in a national research laboratory[J].R & D Management, 2010, 33(2):231-237.[2] 郭飞.关于中国科技自立自强的若干思考[J].经济纵横,2021,37(2):29-37,2.[3] ZHANG N,WAN S,WANG P,et al. A bibliometric analysis of highly cited papers in the field of economics and business based onthe essential science indicators database[J].Scientometrics,2018,116 (2) : 1039-1053.[4] 范芙蓉,秦书生.中国共产党科技自立自强思想百年演进[J].科技进步与对策,2021,38(18):1-7.[5] 尹西明,陈劲,贾宝余.高水平科技自立自强视角下国家战略科技力量的突出特征与强化路径[J].中国科技论坛,2021,37(9):1-9.[6] 陈套.科学研究范式转型与组织模式嬗变[J].科学管理研究,2020,38(6):53-57.[7] 张先恩.科技创新与强国之路[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010.[8] LAIA J R , APEN P G. Sustainable competitive participation: a role for the federal government and the national laboratories[J].Technology in Society, 1996, 18(4):467-476.[9] 孙晓玲.马克思主义科技观与社会发展新挑战——评《科技革命与社会发展:马克思主义科技与人文新视野》[J].科技进步与对策,2020,37(14):163.[10] 张鹏.浅析如何建立科技文化与思政工作的良性互补机制[J].科研管理,2021,42(9):201-211.[11] 阎康年,姚立澄.国外著名科研院所的历史经验和借鉴研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.[12] 李阳,李北伟,路天浩.全球顶级科学家实验室的建设与展望——对吉林大学未来科学国际合作联合实验室的启示[J].科技管理研究,2019,39(17):117-122.[13] MARTIN B R, JOHNSTON R. Technology foresight for wiring up the national innovation system[J]. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 1999, 60(1):37-54.[14] FREEMAN C.Technology policy and economic performance.lessons from Japan[J]. R & D Management, 2010, 19(3):278-279.[15]B? LUNDVALL. National systems of innovation: towards a theory of innovation and interactive learning[M]. Anthem Press, 2010.[16] BENGT-AKE LUNDVALL. National innovation systems—analytical concept and development tool[J]. Industry & Innovation,2007,14(1):95-119.[17] 张伟倩,缪园.组合评价模型在我国国立科研机构绩效评价中的应用[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2008,30(4):36-40.[18] 高子平.全球经济波动与海外科技人才引进战略转型[J].科学学研究,2012,30(12):1810-1817,1823.[19] 刘云,叶选挺,杨芳娟,等.中国国家创新体系国际化政策概念、分类及演进特征——基于政策文本的量化分析[J].管理世界,2014,30(12):62-69,78.[20] 雷小苗.“创新绩效假象”的形成机理与破解路径——基于国家创新体系的分析[J].自然辩证法通讯,2021,43(3):88-96.[21] 哈肯.协同学:大自然的构成的奥秘[M].凌复华,译. 上海:上海人民出版社,2005.[22] SABRINA T HOWELL. Joint ventures and technology adoption: a Chinese industrial policy that backfired[J].Research Policy,2018,47(8): 1448-1462.[23] LA HANISI A, RISDIANY R, DWI UTAMI Y, et al. The use of WhatsApp in collaborative learning to improve English teaching and learning process[J]. International Journal of Research Studies in Educational Technology, 2018, 7(1): 29-35.[24] 李思宇.科学数据共享问题:一个博弈论视角的讨论[J].自然辩证法通讯,2020,42(12):76-79.[25] 贾旭楠.博弈论视角下高校智库联盟资源共建共享研究[J].新世纪图书馆,2020(5):48-53.[26] 汤志伟,李昱璇,张龙鹏.中美贸易摩擦背景下“卡脖子”技术识别方法与突破路径——以电子信息产业为例[J].科技进步与对策,2021,38(1):1-9.[27] 孙丽文,李少帅.人工智能技术产业化创新生态系统风险归因及治理体系研究[J].科技进步与对策,2021,38(17):69-78. |
|
|
|