|
|
|
| Complementation or Substitution:R&D Subsidy and PCP |
| Liu Jing,Hu Liping,Kang Xiaoling,Zhang Xia |
| (School of Economics and Management, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China) |
|
|
|
|
Abstract The performance of science and technology innovation system depends on the effectiveness of individual policies, as well as the combined effects of policies.From the perspective of policy process, two sets of cases are used to compare the project screening mechanism and project management mechanism of R&D subsidy with those of pre-commercial procurement (PCP).The research findings show that PCP complements and substitutes for R&D subsidy at the same time.As an emerging innovation policy tool, PCP not only loosens financial constraints, but also has two potential advantages:first, it is beneficial for procurers to give play to their strength of demand information andapplication environment information; second, it is more accurate"in the implementation mechanism of the policy, especially suitable for the "breakthrough at point".New tools should be introduced actively to expand innovation policy toolkit and the unique advantage of various tools should be exploited based on the understanding of the tool attributes.This has important implications for optimizing the design of innovation policy mix and for improving the performance of science and technology innovation system.
|
|
Received: 18 September 2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [1] 叶祥松, 刘敬.异质性研发、政府支持与中国科技创新困境 [J].经济研究, 2018, 53(9):116-132.[2] 薛澜.中国科技创新政策40年的回顾与反思 [J].科学学研究, 2018, 36(12):2113-2115，2121.[3] 梁正, 李代天.科技创新政策与中国产业发展40年——基于演化创新系统分析框架的若干典型产业研究 [J].科学学与科学技术管理, 2018, 39(9):21-35.[4] LIU F-C, SIMON D F, SUN Y-T, et al.China's innovation policies:evolution, institutional structure, and trajectory [J].Research Policy, 2011, 40(7):917-931.[5] 黄萃, 任弢, 李江, 等.责任与利益:基于政策文献量化分析的中国科技创新政策府际合作关系演进研究 [J].管理世界, 2015, 31(12):68-81.[6] FLANAGAN K, UYARRA E, LARANJA M.Reconceptualising the 'policy mix' for innovation [J].Research Policy, 2011, 40(5):702-713.[7] GHAZINOORY S, AMIRI M, GHAZINOORI S, et al.Designing innovation policy mix:a multi-objective decision-making approach [J].Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2018, 28(4):365-385.[8] EDQUIST S B C.The choice of innovation policy instruments [J].Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2013, 80(8):1513-1522.[9] MUNDELL R A.The appropriate use of monetary and fiscal policy for internal and external stability [J].Staff Papers, 1962, 9(1):70-79.[10] BRAUN D.The mix of policy rationales in science and technology policy[J].Melbourne Journal of Politics, 2006, 31: 8-36.[11] Strata-Etan Expert Group.Benchmarking national R&D policies:the impact of rtd on competitiveness and employment[R].Paris:European Commission, 2002.[12] BORRS S.The widening and deepening of innovation policy:what conditions provide for effective governance[Z].CIRCLE, Lund University, Working Paper No.2, 2009.[13] KLEIN WOOLTHUIS R, LANKHUIZEN M, GILSING V.A system failure framework for innovation policy design [J].Technovation, 2005, 25(6):609-619.[14] EDQUIST C.Systems of innovation:technologies, institutions, and organizations[M].Psychology Press, 1997.[15] ROTHWELL R.Reindustrialization and technology:towards a national policy framework [J].Science and Public Policy, 1985, 12(3):113-130.[16] BORRS S, EDQUIST C.The choice of innovation policy instruments [J].Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2013, 80(8):1513-1522.[17] EDLER J, GEORGHIOU L.Public procurement and innovation-resurrecting the demand side [J].Research Policy, 2007, 36(7):949-963.[18] ROTHWELL R.Towards the fifth-generation innovation process [J].International marketing review, 1994, 11(1):7-31.[19] AHO E, CORNU J, GEORGHIOU L, et al.Creating an innovative europe [R].Brussels:European Commission, 2006.[20] OECD.Demand-side innovation policies [M].Paris:OECD Publishing, 2011:17-76.[21] OECD.Public procurement for innovation：good practices and strategies [M].Paris:OECD Publishing, 2017.[22] CAROL E, HEIM.Interest rates and crowding-out during britain's industrial revolution [J].Journal of Economic History, 1987, 5(3):67-72.[23] HICKS J R.Mr keynes and the classics [J].A Suggested Interpretation, 1937, 5(2):146-159.[24] HANSEN A H.Monetary theory and fiscal policy [M].McGraw-Hill, 1949:97-101.[25] FRIEDMAN M.A monetary and fiscal framework for economic stability [J].American Economic Review, 1948, 38(3):245-264.[26] BERBEN R P, BROSENS T.The impact of government debt on private consumption in OECD countries [J].Economics Letters, 2005, 94(7):220-225.[27] BAIRAM E, WARD B.The externality effect of government expenditure on investment in oecd countries [J].Applied Economics, 1993, 25(6):711-716.[28] CORREIA-NUNES J, STEMITSIOTIS L.Budget deficit and interest rates:is there a link? international evidence [J].Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 1995, 57(4):425-449.[29] JANSSEN M C W, MENDYS E.The price of a price:on the crowding out of social norms [J].Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2004, 55(3):377-395.[30] BROOKS A.Public subsidies and charitable giving:crowding out, crowding in, or both [J].Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 2000, 19(7):451-464.[31] JAIN S.Symbiosis vs.crowding-out:the interaction of formal and informal credit markets in developing countries [J].Journal of Development Economics, 1999, 59(2):419-444.[32] ASCHHOFF B, SOFKA W.Innovation on demand——can public procurement drive market success of innovations[J].Research Policy, 2009, 38(8):1235-1247.[33] YIN R K.Case study research:design and methods (5 edition) [M].Thousand Oaks, California:SAGE Publications, Inc., 2014.[34] 李高勇, 毛基业.案例选择与研究策略——中国企业管理案例与质性研究论坛(2014)综述 [J].管理世界, 2015,31 (2):133-136，169.[35] YIN R K.Applications of case study research (3ed) [M].Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage, 2011.[36] MILES M B, HUBERMAN A M.Qualitative data analysis:an expanded sourcebook [M].Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage Publications, Inc., 1994.[37] CHARMAZ K.Constructing grounded theory:a practical guide through qualitative analysis [M].Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage Publications, Inc., 2006.[38] CORBIN J M, STRAUSS A L.Basics of qualitative research:techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory [M].Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage Publication, Inc., 2015.[39] 苏竣.公共科技政策导论 [M].北京:科学出版社, 2014.[40] HALL B H, ROSENBERG N.Handbook of the economics of innovation [M].Amsterdam：Elsevier, 2010.[41] GEORGHIOU L, EDLER J, UYARRA E, et al.Policy instruments for public procurement of innovation:choice, design and assessment [J].Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2014, 86(7):1-12.[42] EDQUIST C, ZABALA J M.Pre-commercial procurement:a demand or supply policy instrument in relation to innovation[Z].CIRCLE, Lund University, Working Paper No.2012/11, 2012.[43] CUNNINGHAM P, EDLER J, FLANAGAN K, et al.Innovation policy mix and instrument interaction:a review [Z].Nesta, Working Paper No.13/20, 2013.[44] LANAHAN L, FELDMAN M P.Multilevel innovation policy mix:a closer look at state policies that augment the federal sbir program [J].Research Policy, 2015, 44(7):1387-1402.[45] KIVIMAA P, KERN F.Creative destruction or mere niche support? innovation policy mixes for sustainability transitions [J].Research Policy, 2016, 45(1):205-217. |
|
|
|
