|
|
R&D Human Capital Allocation and Technological Innovation: Based on the Perspective of Heterogeneous Educational Attainments |
Pei Kaibing |
(School of Economics and Management,Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China) |
|
|
Abstract In the context of structural deceleration of economic growth and the transformation of the economy to high quality, it is of great practical significance to explore the effective allocation of R&D human capital for the structural transformation of China's economy. Therefore, based on the provincial panel data from 2009 to 2018 in China, R&D human capital is divided into three types, i.e. R&D human capital with a doctoral degree, master's degree, and bachelor's degree or below, according to the heterogeneity of educational attainment. And then the static and dynamic panel regression models are used to explore the differential impacts of R&D human capital at different education levels on technological innovation from the perspective of total patents and subdivided patents. Statistical analysis and empirical research show that the distribution of R&D human capital at different education levels in China is unbalanced. R&D human capital with a bachelor's degree or below holds the largest proportion, while it has a certain inhibitory effect on regional technological innovation. In contrast, R&D human capital with a master's degree has a significant positive effect on regional technological innovation. In particular, doctoral R&D human capital has no significant positive effect on regional technological innovation, and it has lower innovation output elasticity than master's R&D human capital, and does not show the expected educational advantage in the efficiency of scientific research. The results of this paper have a positive preference for optimizing the allocation of high-level human capital in technological innovation and the transformation of economic structure in China.
|
Received: 05 December 2020
|
|
|
|
|
[1] TUNG R L. Opportunities and challenges ahead of China's "new normal"[J]. Long Range Planning,2016,49(5):632-640. [2] ROMER P M. Endogenous technological change[J]. Journal of Political Economy,1990,98(5,Part 2):S71-S102. [3] CINNIRELLA F,STREB J. The role of human capital and innovation in economic development:evidence from post-Malthusian Prussia[J]. Journal of Economic Growth,2017,22(2):193-227. [4] FONSECA T,DE FARIA P,LIMA F. Human capital and innovation:the importance of the optimal organizational task structure[J]. Research Policy,2019,48(3):616-627. [5] 李建强,赵西亮,张畇彬. 教育扩招、人力资本与企业创新[J]. 中国经济问题,2019(3):81-94. [6] 王士红. 人力资本与经济增长关系研究新进展[J]. 经济学动态,2017(8):124-134. [7] ADIL J,PETKOVOVá L,BLATNá D. Human capital,economic structure and growth[J]. Procedia Economics and Finance,2014,12:85-92. [8] TEIXEIRA A A C,QUEIRóS A S S. Economic growth,human capital and structural change:a dynamic panel data analysis[J]. Research Policy,2016,45(8):1636-1648. [9] SCHULTZ T W. Investment in human capital[J]. American Economic Review, 1961, 51(1):1-17.[10] D'ESTE P,RENTOCCHINI F,VEGA-JURADO J. The role of human capital in lowering the barriers to engaging in innovation:evidence from the Spanish innovation survey[J]. Industry and Innovation,2014,21(1):1-19. [11] 许爱顺,罗鄂湘. 人力资本、薪酬激励和中小企业创新能力的关系研究[J]. 科技与管理,2012,14(6):112-117. [12] RAMíREZ S,GALLEGO J,TAMAYO M. Human capital,innovation and productivity in Colombian enterprises:a structural approach using instrumental variables[J]. Economics of Innovation and New Technology,2020,29(6):625-642. [13] 马颖,何清. 人力资本与中国资本和技术密集型产业技术创新:基于分位数回归模型的经验研究[J]. 当代财经,2017(10):3-11. [14] 梁超. 垂直专业化、人力资本与我国的技术创新能力:基于工业行业动态面板的实证研究[J]. 产业经济研究,2013(2):65-73. [15] TELES V K,JOIOZO R. Human capital and innovation:evidence from panel cointegration tests[J]. Applied Economics Letters,2011,18(17):1629-1632. [16] ZHOU G Y,LUO S M. Higher education input,technological innovation,and economic growth in China[J]. Sustainability,2018,10(8):2615. [17] GALLIé E P,LEGROS D. Firms’ human capital,R&D and innovation:a study on French firms[J]. Empirical Economics,2012,43(2):581-596. [18] 李静,楠玉,刘霞辉. 中国经济稳增长难题:人力资本错配及其解决途径[J]. 经济研究,2017,52(3):18-31. [19] 马颖,何清,李静. 行业间人力资本错配及其对产出的影响[J]. 中国工业经济,2018(11):5-23. [20] 李静,楠玉. 人力资本错配下的决策:优先创新驱动还是优先产业升级[J]. 经济研究,2019,54(8):152-166. [21] 赖德胜,纪雯雯. 人力资本配置与创新[J]. 经济学动态,2015(3):22-30. [22] 纪雯雯,赖德胜. 人力资本配置与中国创新绩效[J]. 经济学动态,2018(11):19-31. [23] JAFFE A. Technological opportunity and spillovers of R&D:evidence from firms' patents,profits and market value[R]. National Bureau of Economic Research,1986. [24] YAO S J,WANG P,ZHANG J,et al. Dynamic relationship between China's inward and outward foreign direct investments[J]. China Economic Review,2016,40:54-70. [25] GHIGLINO C,TABASSO N. The dynamics of innovations and citations[J]. Economics Letters,2015,131:94-97. [26] ARELLANO M,BOND S. Some tests of specification for panel data:Monte Carlo evidence and an application to employment equations[J]. The Review of Economic Studies,1991,58(2):277-297. [27] BLUNDELL R,BOND S. Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models[J]. Journal of Econometrics,1998,87(1):115-143. [28] WANG X,FANG H,ZHANG F,et al. The spatial analysis of regional innovation performance and industry-university-research institution collaborative innovation—an empirical study of Chinese provincial data[J]. Sustainability,2018,10(4):1243. [29] LIU D Y,CHEN T,LIU X Y,et al. Do more subsidies promote greater innovation? evidence from the Chinese electronic manufacturing industry[J]. Economic Modelling,2019,80:441-452. [30] WANG H,LIU H F. An empirical research of FDI spillovers and financial development threshold effects in different regions of China[J]. Sustainability,2017,9(6):933. [31] LIN J,YU Z,WEI Y D,et al. Internet access,spillover and regional development in China[J]. Sustainability,2017,9(6):946. [32] 赵树宽,余海晴,姜红. 技术标准、技术创新与经济增长关系研究:理论模型及实证分析[J]. 科学学研究,2012,30(9):1333-1341,1420. [33] 徐德英. 多渠道国际技术溢出下区域创新门槛效应研究[J]. 科研管理,2017,38(S1):53-62. [34] KINOSHITA Y. R&D and technology spillovers via FDI:innovation and absorptive capacity[J]. SSRN Electronic Journal,2000:1-25. DOI:10.2139/ssrn.1524289. [35] DUNNING J,LUNDAN S M. Multinational enterprises and the global economy[J]. Transnational Corporations,2010,19(3):103-106. [36] BUCKLEY P J,CLEGG L J,CROSS A R,et al. The determinants of Chinese outward foreign direct investment[J]. Journal of International Business Studies,2007,38(4):499-518. [37] 李梅. 对外直接投资的技术进步效应:基于1985—2008年的经验研究[J]. 经济管理,2010,32(12):40-48. [38] 张颖,辛东亮. 当前我国博士生质量存在的问题及原因分析:基于5所研究型大学的调查[J]. 长春工业大学学报(高教研究版),2010,31(1):25-27. [39] 张倩苇,崔灿,黄曼琳. 研究生科研能力现状分析与提升策略[J]. 现代教育论丛,2017(2):40-45. [40] 李立国. 20年步入世界一流, 中国大学何以做到[N]. 光明日报, 2018-01-16(13). |
|
|
|