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Abstract At present, China is deepening the supply-side structural reform, promoting the quality transformation of economic development, deepening the reform of the financial system, and enhancing the ability to serve the real economy. Based on the theory of optimal financial structure, this paper divides the financial structure into the structure of financing market and the structure of banking industry, and studies the impact of regional financial structure on innovation ability. The study finds that there is a significant spatial positive correlation between regional innovation capabilities in China. Regional innovation activities tend to be concentrated in space and agglomerate in geospatial space. The development of direct financing market significantly improves regional innovation capability, and the development of small and medium-sized banks significantly drives regional innovation. With the improvement of capabilities, the development of small and medium-sized banks has a greater impact on regional innovation capabilities than the development of direct financing markets. Finally, propose countermeasures.
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